Melanoma Tumor Cell Heterogeneity: A Molecular Approach to Study Subpopulations Expressing the Embryonic Morphogen Nodal
| Autor: | Gina Kirsammer, Elisabeth A. Seftor, Alina Gilgur, Mary J.C. Hendrix, Naira V. Margaryan, Don Weldon, Richard E.B. Seftor |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Time Factors
Nodal Protein Cellular differentiation Cytological Techniques Cell Separation Biology Article Mice Cancer stem cell Antigens CD Cell Line Tumor medicine Biomarkers Tumor Animals Humans AC133 Antigen Nodal signaling pathway Melanoma Glycoproteins Cell Differentiation Hematology medicine.disease Flow Cytometry Prognosis Embryonic stem cell Phenotype Immunohistochemistry Gene Expression Regulation Neoplastic Treatment Outcome Oncology Genetic Techniques Immunology Cancer research Neoplastic Stem Cells NODAL Peptides Biomarkers Morphogen Signal Transduction |
| Popis: | As the frequency of melanoma increases, current treatment strategies are struggling to significantly impact patient survival. One of the critical issues in designing efficient therapies is understanding the composition of heterogeneous melanoma tumors in order to target cancer stem cells (CSCs) and drug-resistant subpopulations. In this review, we summarize recent findings pertinent to the reemergence of the embryonic Nodal signaling pathway in melanoma and its significance as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. In addition, we offer a novel molecular approach to studying the functional relevance of Nodal-expressing subpopulations and their CSC phenotype. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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