An overview of rodent toxicities: liver and kidney effects of fumonisins and Fusarium moniliforme

Autor:	Charles W. Bacon, Paul C. Howard, Deborah K. Hansen, William P. Norred, Ronald D. Plattner, Thomas F. X. Collins, James K. Porter, Ronald T. Riley, Filmore I. Meredith, Kenneth A. Voss
Rok vydání:	2001
Předmět:	Fusarium Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Carboxylic Acids Apoptosis Food Contamination Biology Pharmacology Kidney Fumonisins Zea mays Rodent Diseases chemistry.chemical_compound medicine Animals Humans Chronic toxicity Ceramide synthase Carcinogen No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level Sphingolipids Fumonisin B1 Reproduction Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health food and beverages Organ Size Mycotoxins medicine.disease biology.organism_classification Sphingolipid Rats Liver chemistry Biochemistry Toxicity Liver cancer Biomarkers Research Article
Zdroj:	Environmental Health Perspectives
ISSN:	1552-9924 0091-6765
Popis:	Fumonisins are produced by Fusarium moniliforme F. verticillioides) and other Fusarium that grow on corn worldwide. They cause fatal toxicoses of horses and swine. Their effects in humans are unclear, but epidemiologic evidence suggests that consumption of fumonisin-contaminated corn contributes to human esophageal cancer in southern Africa and China. Much has been learned from rodent studies about fumonisin B1(FB1), the most common homologue. FB1 is poorly absorbed and rapidly eliminated in feces. Minor amounts are retained in liver and kidneys. Unlike other mycotoxins, fumonisins cause the same liver cancer promotion and subchronic (studies (3/4) 90 days) liver and kidney effects as (italic)F. moniliforme. FB 1 induces apoptosis of hepatocytes and of proximal tubule epithelial cells. More advanced lesions in both organs are characterized by simultaneous cell loss (apoptosis and necrosis) and proliferation (mitosis). Microscopic and other findings suggest that an imbalance between cell loss and replacement develops, a condition favorable for carcinogenesis. On the molecular level, fumonisins inhibit ceramide synthase, and disrupt sphingolipid metabolism and, theoretically, sphingolipid-mediated regulatory processes that influence apoptosis and mitosis. Liver sphingolipid effects and toxicity are correlated, and ceramide synthase inhibition occurs in liver and kidney at doses below their respective no-observed-effect levels. FB1 does not cross the placenta and is not teratogenic in vivoin rats, mice, or rabbits, but is embryotoxic at high, maternally toxic doses. These data have contributed to preliminary risk evaluation and to protocol development for carcinogenicity and chronic toxicity studies of FB1 in rats and mice.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::9077022e2532b49b9c0b8c4b6f453363 https://doi.org/10.1289/ehp.01109s2259 Zobrazit plný text záznamu Plný text ve formátu PDF Plný text ve formátu HTML
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