Improved metabolic health alters host metabolism in parallel with changes in systemic xeno-metabolites of gut origin
| Autor: | Carol J. Chandler, Charles L. Hoppel, Dustin J. Burnett, Caitlin Campbell, Mary-Ellen Harper, John K. Meissen, Gary R. Hunter, Gretchen A. Casazza, Elaine C. Souza, Oliver Fiehn, Kohei Take, W. Timothy Garvey, Jose R. Fernandez, Mary Gustafson, Nancy L. Keim, John W. Newman, Sean H. Adams, Dmitry Grapov |
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| Přispěvatelé: | Claret, Marc |
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Anatomy and Physiology
medicine.medical_treatment Metabolite lcsh:Medicine Biochemistry Oral and gastrointestinal chemistry.chemical_compound Endocrinology Weight loss Integrative Physiology lcsh:Science 2. Zero hunger Glucose tolerance test Multidisciplinary medicine.diagnostic_test Diabetes Fatty Acids Discriminant Analysis Fasting Middle Aged Phenotype Health Area Under Curve Metabolome Carbohydrate Metabolism Medicine Female Metabolic Pathways medicine.symptom Research Article Adult medicine.medical_specialty General Science & Technology Carbohydrate metabolism Biology Xenobiotics Insulin resistance Clinical Research Internal medicine Weight Loss medicine Humans Obesity Sports and Exercise Medicine Least-Squares Analysis Metabolic and endocrine Nutrition Diabetic Endocrinology Insulin Prevention lcsh:R Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Glucose Tolerance Test medicine.disease Lipid Metabolism Diet Glutamine Gastrointestinal Tract Metabolism Glucose chemistry Physical Fitness lcsh:Q Sedentary Behavior Physiological Processes Energy Metabolism |
| Zdroj: | PloS one, vol 9, iss 1 PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 1, p e84260 (2014) PLoS ONE |
| Popis: | Novel plasma metabolite patterns reflective of improved metabolic health (insulin sensitivity, fitness, reduced body weight) were identified before and after a 14-17 wk weight loss and exercise intervention in sedentary, obese insulin-resistant women. To control for potential confounding effects of diet- or microbiome-derived molecules on the systemic metabolome, sampling was during a tightly-controlled feeding test week paradigm. Pairwise and multivariate analysis revealed intervention- and insulin-sensitivity associated: (1) Changes in plasma xeno-metabolites ("non-self" metabolites of dietary or gut microbial origin) following an oral glucose tolerance test (e.g. higher post-OGTT propane-1,2,3-tricarboxylate [tricarballylic acid]) or in the overnight-fasted state (e.g., lower γ-tocopherol); (2) Increased indices of saturated very long chain fatty acid elongation capacity; (3) Increased post-OGTT α-ketoglutaric acid (α-KG), fasting α-KG inversely correlated with Matsuda index, and altered patterns of malate, pyruvate and glutamine hypothesized to stem from improved mitochondrial efficiency and more robust oxidation of glucose. The results support a working model in which improved metabolic health modifies host metabolism in parallel with altering systemic exposure to xeno-metabolites. This highlights that interpretations regarding the origins of peripheral blood or urinary "signatures" of insulin resistance and metabolic health must consider the potentially important contribution of gut-derived metabolites toward the host's metabolome. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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