Probable aerosol transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in a poorly ventilated courtroom

Autor:	Sophie Schwarz, David Vernez, J.-J. Sauvain, Christiane Petignat, Guillaume Suarez
Rok vydání:	2021
Předmět:	2019-20 coronavirus outbreak Environmental Engineering Aerosols Air Pollution Indoor COVID-19 Humans Probability SARS-CoV-2 COVID aerosol transmission infectious disease modeling ventilation 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) 010501 environmental sciences Atmospheric sciences 01 natural sciences law.invention Interquartile range law Aerosolization 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Building and Construction Original Articles Aerosol Transmission (mechanics) Ventilation (architecture) Environmental science Original Article Loss rate
Zdroj:	Indoor Air Indoor air, vol. 31, no. 6, pp. 1776-1785
ISSN:	1600-0668
Popis:	There is increasing evidence of SARS-CoV-2 transmission via aerosol; the number of cases of transmission via this route reported in the literature remains however limited. This study examines a case of clustering that occurred in a courtroom, in which 5 of the 10 participants were tested positive within days of the hearing. Ventilation loss rates and dispersion of fine aerosols were measured through CO 2 injections and lactose aerosol generation. Emission rate and influencing parameters were then computed using a well-mixed dispersion model. The emission rate from the index case was estimated at 130 quanta h -1 (interquartile (97-155 quanta h -1 ). Measured lactose concentrations in the room were found relatively homogenous (n = 8, mean 336 µg m -3 , SD = 39 µg m -3 ). Air renewal was found to play an important role for event durations greater than 0.5 h and loss rate below 2-3 h -1 . The estimated emission rate suggests a high viral load in the index case and/or a high SARS-CoV-2 infection coefficient. High probabilities of infection in similar indoor situations are related to unfavorable conditions of ventilation, emission rate, and event durations. Source emission control appears essential to reduce aerosolized infection in events lasting longer than 0.5 h.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
Externí odkaz:	https://explore.openaire.eu/search/publication?articleId=doi_dedup___::8ff2b6097928b6f72abf8a111ca1e69a https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34115411 Zobrazit plný text záznamu Plný text ve formátu PDF Plný text ve formátu HTML
Nepřihlášeným uživatelům se plný text nezobrazuje	K zobrazení výsledku je třeba se přihlásit.