Enhancing low-grade thermal energy recovery in a thermally regenerative ammonia battery using elevated temperatures
| Autor: | Wulin Yang, Nicole LaBarge, Jia Liu, Bruce E. Logan, Fang Zhang |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Battery (electricity)
Energy recovery business.industry Chemistry General Chemical Engineering Inorganic chemistry Temperature Electrolyte Electrochemistry Anode Electron Transport General Energy Electric Power Supplies Chemical engineering Ammonia Environmental Chemistry Energy transformation General Materials Science business Electrodes Thermal energy Power density |
| Zdroj: | ChemSusChem. 8(6) |
| ISSN: | 1864-564X |
| Popis: | A thermally regenerative ammonia battery (TRAB) is a new approach for converting low-grade thermal energy into electricity by using an ammonia electrolyte and copper electrodes. TRAB operation at 72 °C produced a power density of 236 ± 8 Wm(-2), with a linear decrease in power to 95 ± 5 Wm(-2) at 23 °C. The improved power at higher temperatures was due to reduced electrode overpotentials and more favorable thermodynamics for the anode reaction (copper oxidation). The energy density varied with temperature and discharge rates, with a maximum of 650 Wh m(-3) at a discharge energy efficiency of 54% and a temperature of 37 °C. The energy efficiency calculated with chemical process simulation software indicated a Carnot-based efficiency of up to 13% and an overall thermal energy recovery of 0.5%. It should be possible to substantially improve these energy recoveries through optimization of electrolyte concentrations and by using improved ion-selective membranes and energy recovery systems such as heat exchangers. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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