Analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Genotypic Lineage Distribution in Chile and Neighboring Countries

Autor: Tamara Leiva, David Couvin, Fabiola Arias, Javier Tognarelli, Juan Carlos Hormazábal, Nalin Rastogi, Loredana Arata, Jaime Lagos, Carolina Aguayo, Jorge Fernández
Rok vydání: 2016
Předmět:
Bacterial Diseases
0301 basic medicine
Veterinary medicine
Lineage (evolution)
Prevalence
lcsh:Medicine
Geographical locations
Peru
Genotype
Medicine and Health Sciences
Public and Occupational Health
Chile
lcsh:Science
Phylogeny
education.field_of_study
Multidisciplinary
Geography
biology
Incidence
Phylogenetic Analysis
Bacterial Typing Techniques
Actinobacteria
Phylogeography
Infectious Diseases
Biogeography
Brazil
Research Article
Tuberculosis
030106 microbiology
Population
Argentina
Research and Analysis Methods
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
03 medical and health sciences
Genetics
medicine
Humans
Molecular Biology Techniques
education
Molecular Biology
Chile (Country)
Evolutionary Biology
Molecular Biology Assays and Analysis Techniques
Bacteria
Population Biology
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
lcsh:R
Organisms
Genetic Variation
Biology and Life Sciences
Outbreak
South America
Tropical Diseases
medicine.disease
biology.organism_classification
030104 developmental biology
Paraguay
Earth Sciences
lcsh:Q
People and places
Population Genetics
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 11, Iss 8, p e0160434 (2016)
PLoS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0160434
Popis: Tuberculosis (TB), caused by the pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), remains a disease of high importance to global public health. Studies into the population structure of MTB have become vital to monitoring possible outbreaks and also to develop strategies regarding disease control. Although Chile has a low incidence of MTB, the current rates of migration have the potential to change this scenario. We collected and analyzed a total of 458 M. tuberculosis isolates (1 isolate per patient) originating from all 15 regions of Chile. The isolates were genotyped using the spoligotyping method and the data obtained were analyzed and compared with the SITVIT2 database. A total of 169 different patterns were identified, of which, 119 patterns (408 strains) corresponded to Spoligotype International Types (SITs) and 50 patterns corresponded to orphan strains. The most abundantly represented SITs/lineages were: SIT53/T1 (11.57%), SIT33/LAM3 (9.6%), SIT42/LAM9 (9.39%), SIT50/H3 (5.9%), SIT37/T3 (5%); analysis of the spoligotyping minimum spanning tree as well as spoligoforest were suggestive of a recent expansion of SIT42, SIT50 and SIT37; all of which potentially evolved from SIT53. The most abundantly represented lineages were LAM (40.6%), T (34.1%) and Haarlem (13.5%). LAM was more prevalent in the Santiago (43.6%) and Concepción (44.1%) isolates, rather than the Iquique (29.4%) strains. The proportion of X lineage was appreciably higher in Iquique and Concepción (11.7% in both) as compared to Santiago (1.6%). Global analysis of MTB lineage distribution in Chile versus neighboring countries showed that evolutionary recent lineages (LAM, T and Haarlem) accounted together for 88.2% of isolates in Chile, a pattern which mirrored MTB lineage distribution in neighboring countries (n = 7378 isolates recorded in SITVIT2 database for Peru, Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina; and published studies), highlighting epidemiological advantage of Euro-American lineages in this region. Finally, we also observed exclusive emergence of patterns SIT4014/X1 and SIT4015 (unknown lineage signature) that have hitherto been found exclusively in Chile, indicating that conditions specific to Chile, along with the unique genetic makeup of the Chilean population, might have allowed for a possible co-evolution leading to the success of these emerging genotypes.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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