Synergistic effects of exposure to concentrated ambient fine pollution particles and nitrogen dioxide in humans
| Autor: | Donald W. Graff, Ana G. Rappold, Yuh-Chin T. Huang, Andrew J. Ghio, Robert B. Devlin |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Pollution Atmosphere Exposure Chambers Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis media_common.quotation_subject Hypercholesterolemia Nitrogen Dioxide Air pollution Context (language use) Toxicology medicine.disease_cause Cardiovascular System complex mixtures Young Adult chemistry.chemical_compound Heart Rate North Carolina medicine Humans Nitrogen dioxide Lactate Dehydrogenases media_common Pollutant Air Pollutants medicine.diagnostic_test Arrhythmias Cardiac Cardiovascular Agents Drug Synergism respiratory system Particulates Cholesterol Bronchoalveolar lavage chemistry alpha 1-Antitrypsin Environmental chemistry Female Particulate Matter Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid |
| Zdroj: | Inhalation Toxicology. 24:790-797 |
| ISSN: | 1091-7691 0895-8378 |
| DOI: | 10.3109/08958378.2012.718809 |
| Popis: | Exposure to single pollutants e.g. particulate matter (PM) is associated with adverse health effects, but it does not represent a real world scenario that usually involves multiple pollutants.Determine if simultaneous exposure to PM and NO₂ results in synergistic interactions.Healthy young volunteers were exposed to clean air, nitrogen dioxide (NO₂, 0.5 ppm), concentrated fine particles from Chapel Hill air (PM(2.5)CAPs, 89.5 ± 10.7 µg/m³), or NO₂+PM(2.5)CAPs for 2 h. Each subject performed intermittent exercise during the exposure. Parameters of heart rate variability (HRV), changes in repolarization, peripheral blood endpoints and lung function were measured before and 1 and 18 h after exposure. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed 18 h after exposure.NO₂ exposure alone increased cholesterol and HDL 18 h after exposure, decreased high frequency component of HRV one and 18 h after exposure, decreased QT variability index 1 h after exposure, and increased LDH in BAL fluid. The only significant change with PM(2.5)CAPs was an increase in HDL 1 h after exposure, likely due to the low concentrations of PM(2.5)CAPs in the exposure chamber. Exposure to both NO₂ and PM(2.5)CAPs increased BAL α1-antitrypsin, mean t wave amplitude, the low frequency components of HRV and the LF/HF ratio. These changes were not observed following exposure to NO₂ or PM(2.5)CAPs alone, suggesting possible interactions between the two pollutants.NO₂ exposure may produce and enhance acute cardiovascular effects of PM(2.5)CAPs. Assessment of health effects by ambient PM should consider its interactions with gaseous copollutants. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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