Bimodal distribution of tone-matching deficits indicates discrete pathophysiological entities within the syndrome of schizophrenia
| Autor: | Juan P. Sanchez-Peña, Alice M. Saperstein, Elisa C. Dias, Clément Dondé, Gaurav H. Patel, Joshua T. Kantrowitz, Cheryl Corcoran, Gail Silipo, Blair Vail, Antigona Martinez, Daniel C. Javitt, Alice Medalia |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male 0301 basic medicine medicine.medical_specialty Adolescent education Neuropsychological Tests Audiology Article Long-term memory lcsh:RC321-571 Young Adult 03 medical and health sciences Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience Cognition 0302 clinical medicine Text mining Memory Social cognition medicine Humans Learning Distribution (pharmacology) Attention Young adult Child lcsh:Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry Problem Solving Biological Psychiatry business.industry Hearing Tests Brain Diagnostic markers medicine.disease Pathophysiology Psychiatry and Mental health 030104 developmental biology Social Perception Schizophrenia Auditory Perception Female Schizophrenic Psychology business Neurocognitive 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Translational Psychiatry, Vol 9, Iss 1, Pp 1-12 (2019) Translational Psychiatry |
| ISSN: | 2158-3188 |
| Popis: | To date, no measures are available that permit differentiation of discrete, clinically distinct subtypes of schizophrenia (SZ) with potential differential underlying pathophysiologies. Over recent years, there has been increasing recognition that SZ is heterogeneously associated with deficits in early auditory processing (EAP), as demonstrated using clinically applicable tasks such as tone-matching task (TMT). Here, we pooled TMT performances across 310 SZ individuals and 219 healthy controls (HC), along with clinical, cognitive, and resting-state functional-connectivity MRI (rsFC-MRI) measures. In addition, TMT was measured in a group of 24 patients at symptomatic clinical high risk (CHR) for SZ and 24 age-matched HC (age range 7–27 years). We provide the first demonstration that the EAP deficits are bimodally distributed across SZ subjects (P d = 2.1) and SZ-EAP+ patients (d = 3.4). The SZ-EAP− group predominated among samples drawn from inpatient sites, showed higher levels of cognitive symptoms (PANSS), worse social cognition and a differential deficit in neurocognition (MATRICS battery), and reduced functional capacity. rsFC-MRI analyses showed significant reduction in SZ-EAP− relative to controls between subcortical and cortical auditory regions. As opposed to SZ, CHR patients showed intact EAP function. In HC age-matched to CHR, EAP ability was shown to increase across the age range of vulnerability preceding SZ onset. These results indicate that EAP measure segregates between discrete SZ subgroups. As TMT can be readily implemented within routine clinical settings, its use may be critical to account for the heterogeneity of clinical outcomes currently observed across SZ patients, as well as for pre-clinical detection and efficacious treatment selection. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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