| Autor: |
Birgitta Svenningsson, Thomas Bjerring Kristensen, Ari Laaksonen, Panu Karjalainen, Annele Virtanen, Mika Komppula, Martin Tuner, Vilhelm Malmborg, Louise Gren, John Falk, Joakim Pagels, Sam Shamun, Kimmo Korhonen, Axel Eriksson, Lassi Markkula, Maja Novakovic |
| Jazyk: |
angličtina |
| Rok vydání: |
2021 |
| Předmět: |
|
| ISSN: |
1680-7324 |
| Popis: |
We studied ice-nucleating abilities of particulate emissions from a modern heavy-duty diesel engine using three different types of fuel. The polydisperse particle emissions were sampled during engine operation and introduced to a continuous-flow diffusion chamber (CFDC) instrument at a constant relative humidity RHwater = 110 %, and temperature was ramped between −43 °C and −32 °C (T-scan). The tested fuels were EN 590 compliant low-sulfur fossil diesel, hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) and rapeseed methyl ester (RME), and all were investigated without blending. Sampling was carried out at different stages in the engine exhaust after-treatment system, with and without simulated atmospheric processing using an oxidation flow reactor. In addition to ice-nucleation experiments, we used supportive instrumentation to characterize the emission particles and present six different physical and chemical properties of them. We found that the studied emissions were poor ice-nucleators and substitution of fossil diesel with renewable fuels, using different emission after-treatment systems and photochemical aging of total exhaust had only little effect on their ice-nucleating abilities. |
| Databáze: |
OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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