Policy Changes and Child Blood Lead Levels by Age 2 Years for Children Born in Illinois, 2001–2014
| Autor: | Ludovica Gazze, Ali B Abbasi, Bridget Pals |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
AJPH Open-Themed Research
MEDLINE Guidelines as Topic 03 medical and health sciences Risk Factors Environmental health Intervention (counseling) 0502 economics and business medicine Humans 050207 economics Sex Distribution Lead (electronics) 030505 public health medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry 05 social sciences Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health Logistic Models Policy Lead Socioeconomic Factors Child Preschool Blood lead level Illinois Lead blood 0305 other medical science business |
| Zdroj: | Am J Public Health |
| Popis: | Objectives. To evaluate how lowering the blood lead level (BLL) intervention threshold affects childhood lead testing policy. Methods. We geocoded 4.19 million Illinois lead testing records (2001–2016) and linked to 2.37 million birth records (2001–2014), data on housing age, industrial emissions, and roads. We used multinomial logistic regression to determine predictors of BLLs of 10 micrograms per deciliter (µg/dL) or greater, 5 to 9 µg/dL, and 4 µg/dL. Results. We found that 2.2% of children had BLLs of 10 µg/dL or greater, 8.9% had BLLs of 5 to 9 µg/dL, and 5.7% had BLLs of 4 µg/dL. Pre-1930 housing was associated with more than 2- to 4-fold increased relative risk of BLLs above all thresholds. Housing built in 1951 to 1978 was associated with increased relative risk of BLLs of 5 to 9 µg/dL (relative risk ratio [RRR] = 1.14; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06, 1.21) but not with increased relative risk of BLLs of 10 µg/dL or greater (RRR = 0.99; 95% CI = 0.84, 1.16). At a given address, previous BLLs of 5 to 9 µg/dL or BLLs of 10 µg/dL or greater were associated with increased risk of BLLs of 5 to 9 µg/dL or BLLs of 10 µg/dL or greater among current occupants by 2.37- (95% CI = 2.20, 2.54) fold and 4.08- (95% CI = 3.69, 4.52) fold, respectively. Conclusions. The relative importance of determinants of above-threshold BLLs changes with decreasing intervention thresholds. Public Health Implications. States may need to update lead screening guidelines when decreasing the intervention threshold. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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