Addicted to smoking or addicted to nicotine? A focus group study on perceptions of nicotine and addiction among US adult current smokers, former smokers, non‐smokers and dual users of cigarettes and e‐cigarettes
| Autor: | Katherine C. Henderson, Emily E. Loud, Reed M. Reynolds, Lucy Popova, Hue Trong Duong, David L. Ashley, James F. Thrasher |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Nicotine
medicine.medical_specialty media_common.quotation_subject Medicine (miscellaneous) Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems Young Adult Perception mental disorders medicine Humans Young adult Psychiatry media_common Smokers business.industry Addiction Smoking Non-Smokers Tobacco Products Focus Groups Former Smoker Focus group Smoking addiction Psychiatry and Mental health Smoking status business medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Addiction. 117:472-481 |
| ISSN: | 1360-0443 0965-2140 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/add.15634 |
| Popis: | Background and aims In 2017, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) proposed to reduce nicotine in cigarettes to minimally or non-addictive levels. This study qualitatively explored perceptions of nicotine and addiction, both independently and in response to messages communicating about nicotine reduction. Design Qualitative study using focus groups. Participants described their perceptions of nicotine and addiction and their responses to messages about the nicotine reduction. Setting Atlanta, GA and San Francisco, CA, USA. Semi-structured focus groups were conducted virtually in Spring 2020. Participants Exclusive smokers (n=27), dual users (of cigarettes and electronic cigarettes) (n=25), former smokers (n=32), and young adult non-smokers (n=31). Measurement Inductive thematic analysis of transcripts was conducted, and results were compared across smoking status groups. Findings Participants across all smoking status groups associated nicotine with tobacco products, but consistently misperceived that nicotine caused disease. Perceptions of addiction were largely negative and varied by smoking status. Experienced smokers (exclusive smokers, former smokers, and dual users) differentiated tobacco use from other addictions and minimized their own experiences of addiction. Perceptions of addiction across experienced smokers included not only the chemical properties of nicotine, but also the behavioral aspects of tobacco use, including oral fixation, having a smoking routine, and response to internal and external cues. In response to messages, many believed that removing the nicotine would not make cigarettes less addictive because of the multi-factorial nature of smoking addiction that includes nonpharmacological cues. Conclusions Perceptions of nicotine and addiction among nonsmokers, former smokers, exclusive smokers and dual users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes vary based on smoking status, but there is a common tendency to believe that nicotine is addictive, that addiction results from more than just nicotine, and that very low nicotine cigarettes will not necessarily reduce the addictiveness of cigarettes. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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