Comparison of analytical techniques for dynamic trace metal speciation in natural freshwaters
| Autor: | William Davison, Niksa Odzak, Hanbin Xue, E.J.J. Kalis, Jun Cao, Peggy Gunkel, Stefanie Toepperwien, Erwin J. M. Temminghoff, Jacques Buffle, Liping Weng, Mary-Lou Tercier-Waeber, R.F.M.J. Cleven, David Kistler, Laura Sigg, Michel Martin, Emily R. Unsworth, Yusuf Nur, Willem H. van Riemsdijk, Frank Black, Jaume Puy, Raewyn M. Town, Josep Galceran, Kent W. Warnken, Hao Zhang, Stéphane Noël |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2006 |
| Předmět: |
Time Factors
Bodemscheikunde en Chemische Bodemkwaliteit Stripping (chemistry) media_common.quotation_subject Denmark Analytical chemistry Fresh Water Sub-department of Soil Quality biotic ligand model in-situ measurements stripping chronopotentiometry Sensitivity and Specificity permeation liquid-membrane Metal voltammetry cle-adsv Environmental Chemistry Voltammetry media_common Detection limit complexes WIMEK Chemistry Biotic Ligand Model Reproducibility of Results General Chemistry Permeation Sectie Bodemkwaliteit Trace Elements microelectrode Speciation Membrane visual_art thin-films visual_art.visual_art_medium systems Artifacts bioavailability Water Pollutants Chemical Soil Chemistry and Chemical Soil Quality Environmental Monitoring |
| Zdroj: | Environmental Science and Technology 40 (2006) 6 Environmental Science and Technology, 40(6), 1934-1941 |
| ISSN: | 0013-936X |
| Popis: | Several techniques for speciation analysis of Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb, and Ni are used in freshwater systems and compared with respect to their performance and to the metal species detected. The analytical techniques comprise the following: (i) diffusion gradients in thin-film gels (DGT); (ii) gel integrated microelectrodes combined to voltammetric in situ profiling system (GIME-VIP); (iii) stripping chronopotentiometry (SCP); (iv) flow-through and hollow fiber permeation liquid membranes (FTPLM and HFPLM); (v) Donnan membrane technique (DMT); (vi) competitive ligand-exchange/stripping voltammetry (CLE-SV). All methods could be used both under hardwater and under softwater conditions, although in some cases problems with detection limits were encountered at the low total concentrations. The detected Cu, Cd, and Pb concentrations decreased in the order DGT > or = GIME-VIP > or = FTPLM > or = HFPLM approximately = DMT (>CLE-SV for Cd), detected Zn decreased as DGT > or = GIME-VIP and Ni as DGT > DMT, in agreement with the known dynamic features of these techniques. Techniques involving in situ measurements (GIME-VIP) or in situ exposure (DGT, DMT, and HFPLM) appear to be appropriate in avoiding artifacts which may occur during sampling and sample handling. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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