Potential contribution of pineal atrophy and pineal cysts toward vulnerability and clinical characteristics of psychosis

Autor: Daiki Sasabayashi, Yuko Higuchi, Haruko Kobayashi, Yoichiro Takayanagi, Atsushi Furuichi, Kyo Noguchi, Shimako Nishiyama, Michio Suzuki, Tien Viet Pham, Tsutomu Takahashi, Yukiko Akasaki, Yuko Mizukami
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
endocrine system
Psychosis
Cognitive Neuroscience
Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics
R858-859.7
Physiology
ARMS
At risk mental state
behavioral disciplines and activities
JART
Japanese version of the National Adult Reading Test
Melatonin
Pineal gland
SOFAS
Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale
Atrophy
mental disorders
medicine
Humans
Radiology
Nuclear Medicine and imaging
PANSS
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale
RC346-429
SCoRS
Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale
Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale
medicine.diagnostic_test
Cysts
business.industry
Regular Article
At risk mental state
Magnetic resonance imaging
Clinical high risk
medicine.disease
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
medicine.anatomical_structure
Psychotic Disorders
nervous system
Neurology
Schizophrenia
BACS
Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia
Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system
Neurology (clinical)
business
hormones
hormone substitutes
and hormone antagonists
medicine.drug
Zdroj: NeuroImage : Clinical
NeuroImage: Clinical, Vol 32, Iss, Pp 102805-(2021)
ISSN: 2213-1582
DOI: 10.1016/j.nicl.2021.102805
Popis: Highlights • Pineal morphology was investigated in schizophrenia patients and ARMS subjects. • Pineal volumes were significantly smaller in both groups than in healthy controls. • Pineal cysts were associated with clinical symptomatology in schizophrenia. • Pineal morphology may reflect vulnerability and the clinical subtype of psychosis.
Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies reported pineal gland atrophy in schizophrenia patients and individuals at a clinical high risk of developing psychosis, implicating abnormalities in melatonin secretion in the pathophysiology of psychosis. However, it currently remains unclear whether the morphology of the pineal gland contributes to symptomatology and sociocognitive functions. Methods This MRI study examined pineal gland volumes and the prevalence of pineal cysts as well as their relationship with clinical characteristics in 57 at risk mental state (ARMS) subjects, 63 patients with schizophrenia, and 61 healthy controls. The Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale (SOFAS), the Schizophrenia Cognition Rating Scale (SCoRS), and the Brief Assessment of Cognition in Schizophrenia (BACS) were used to assess sociocognitive functions, while the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale was employed to evaluate clinical symptoms in ARMS subjects and schizophrenia patients. Results Pineal gland volumes were significantly smaller in the ARMS and schizophrenia groups than in the controls, while no significant differences were observed in the prevalence of pineal cysts. Although BACS, SCoRS, and SOFAS scores were not associated with pineal morphology, patients with pineal cysts in the schizophrenia group exhibited severe positive psychotic symptoms with rather mild negative symptoms. Conclusion The present results indicate the potential of pineal atrophy as a vulnerability marker in various stages of psychosis and suggest that pineal cysts influence the clinical subtype of schizophrenia.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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