Fungal colonization of haematological patients receiving cytotoxic chemotherapy: emergence of azole-resistantSaccharomyces cerevisiae
| Autor: | Malcolm Richardson, K Gallacher, H Helenius, J.H Salonen, O.-P Lehtonen, J Nikoskelainen, J Issakainen |
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| Rok vydání: | 2000 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Microbiology (medical) Antifungal Agents Neutropenia Itraconazole Opportunistic infection Microbial Sensitivity Tests Saccharomyces cerevisiae Drug resistance Microbiology 03 medical and health sciences Pharmacotherapy Amphotericin B Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols medicine Humans Colonization Fluconazole Finland 030304 developmental biology chemistry.chemical_classification Cross Infection Infection Control 0303 health sciences 030306 microbiology business.industry Incidence (epidemiology) Drug Resistance Microbial General Medicine Middle Aged medicine.disease 3. Good health Infectious Diseases Mycoses chemistry Hematologic Neoplasms Azole Female business Hospital Units medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Hospital Infection. 45:293-301 |
| ISSN: | 0195-6701 |
| Popis: | Fungal colonization during cytotoxic chemotherapy was studied in 42 patients with a recent diagnosis of a haematological malignancy. In total, 2759 surveillance cultures were taken from the nostrils, throat, urine, stool and perineal region. Seven hundred and ninety-six positive surveillance cultures (28.9%) yielded 968 fungal isolates. The rate of fungal colonization did not differ between patients with acute leukaemia, patients with other haematological malignancies and control patients in the same ward at admission (71% vs. 67% vs. 80%). Patients with acute leukaemia were colonized at a significantly lower rate in samples from the throat (32%), urine (10%), stool (45%) and perineum (29%) taken during hospitalization when compared with other haematological patients (respective values 58%, 21%, 67% and 45%; P-values 0.001). This could be attributed to differences in the use of antifungal drugs. Although 21/42 (50%) of our patients had multiple-site fungal colonization at the end of follow-up, only one systemic Candida infection was diagnosed. Extensive use of antifungal treatment may have influenced the low incidence of systemic fungal infections during the follow-up. In addition to Candida species, Malassezia furfur, Geotrichum candidum and Saccharomyces cerevisiae were frequently isolated. The rate of S. cerevisiae isolation increased significantly over time after admission (1%, vs. 18% of isolates, P |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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