Ichthyotoxicity of the microalga Pseudochattonella farcimen under laboratory and field conditions in Danish waters
| Autor: | Nikolaj Gedsted Andersen, Kirsten Engell-Sørensen, Louise Hjorth Nørremark, Per Juel Hansen, Per Kragh Andersen, Ellen Lorenzen, Niels Lorenzen |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2015 |
| Předmět: |
Gill
Gills congenital hereditary and neonatal diseases and abnormalities Ichthyotoxicity Denmark Zoology Aquatic Science Cell morphology Mucocysts Microalgae Harmful algae Animals Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics biology Ecology fungi Pseudochattonella farcimen nutritional and metabolic diseases Farcimen Eutrophication Bivalvia biology.organism_classification Oncorhynchus mykiss Dictyochophytes Fish kill Rainbow trout Biological Assay Bloom Filtration |
| Zdroj: | Andersen, N G, Hansen, P J, Engell-Sørensen, K, Nørremark, L H, Andersen, P, Lorenzen, E & Lorenzen, N 2015, ' Ichthyotoxicity of the microalga Pseudochattonella farcimen under laboratory and field conditions in Danish waters ', Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, vol. 116, no. 3, pp. 165-172 . https://doi.org/10.3354/dao02916 |
| ISSN: | 0177-5103 |
| DOI: | 10.3354/dao02916 |
| Popis: | Blooms of the marine dictyochophyte Pseudochattonella farcimen have been associated with fish kills, but attempts to verify ichthyotoxicity of this microalga under experimental conditions have not been successful. In the early spring of 2009 and 2011, P. farcimen bloomed in the inner Danish waters. The blooms occurred at a seawater temperature of ~2°C and correlated with extensive kills of farmed salmonid fish (2009) and wild populations (2011). Several strains of P. farcimen were isolated from the 2009 bloom. However, exposure of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss to laboratory-grown P. farcimen cultures did not reveal any toxic effects. During the 2011 bloom, fish were exposed to bloom water under both laboratory and field conditions. While no clinical effect was observed on fish incubated in bloom water in the laboratory trial, a remarkable difference was seen in the field trial between rainbow trout kept in tanks supplied with a continuous flow of filtered versus non-filtered bloom water. Histological examination of the gill tissue revealed karyorrhexis and epithelial loosening in the affected fish. Microscopy analysis of algal cell morphology suggested that mucocysts detected on the cell surface only in freshly sampled bloom water might be associated with ichtyotoxicity. Blooms of the marine dictyochophyte Pseudochattonella farcimen have been associated with fish kills, but attempts to verify ichthyotoxicity of this microalga under experimental conditions have not been successful. In the early spring of 2009 and 2011, P. farcimen bloomed in the inner Danish waters. The blooms occurred at a seawater temperature of ~2°C and correlated with extensive kills of farmed salmonid fish (2009) and wild populations (2011). Several strains of P. farcimen were isolated from the 2009 bloom. However, exposure of rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss to laboratory-grown P. farcimen cultures did not reveal any toxic effects. During the 2011 bloom, fish were exposed to bloom water under both laboratory and field conditions. While no clinical effect was observed on fish incubated in bloom water in the laboratory trial, a remarkable difference was seen in the field trial between rainbow trout kept in tanks supplied with a continuous flow of filtered versus non-filtered bloom water. Histological examination of the gill tissue revealed karyorrhexis and epithelial loosening in the affected fish. Microscopy analysis of algal cell morphology suggested that mucocysts detected on the cell surface only in freshly sampled bloom water might be associated with ichtyotoxicity. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|