Citizen science chlorine surveillance during the Flint, Michigan federal water emergency
| Autor: | Victoria Webber, Stephanie Webber, Keri Webber, Matthew Mosteller, LeeAnne Walters, Kaylie Mosteller, Lola Reid, Marc Edwards, Siddhartha Roy |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Michigan
Environmental Engineering media_common.quotation_subject 0208 environmental biotechnology System recovery 02 engineering and technology 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Water scarcity Water Supply medicine Citizen science Humans Waste Management and Disposal Environmental planning health care economics and organizations 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Water Science and Technology Civil and Structural Engineering media_common Citizen Science Drinking Water Ecological Modeling Waterborne diseases medicine.disease Pollution Set point 020801 environmental engineering Water heater Work (electrical) Service (economics) Business Chlorine Water Microbiology |
| Zdroj: | Water Research. 201:117304 |
| ISSN: | 0043-1354 |
| Popis: | Rising incidence of waterborne diseases including Legionellosis linked to low chlorine residuals in buildings and the availability of inexpensive testing options, create an opportunity for citizen science chorine monitoring to complement sampling done by water utilities. University researchers and Flint residents coordinated a citizen science chlorine surveillance campaign in Flint, Michigan in 2015-19, that helped expose the nature of two deadly Legionnaires Disease outbreaks in 2014-2015 during the Flint Water Crisis and progress of system recovery during the Federal emergency. Results obtained with an inexpensive color wheel were in agreement with a digital colorimeter (R2 =0.99; p = 2.81 × 10-21) at 15 sites geographically distributed across Flint. Blinded tests revealed good agreement between official (n = 2051) and citizen (n = 654) data in terms of determining whether regulatory guidelines for chlorine were met, but a discovery that the citizen data were statistically lower than the city's (p |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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