Structured Cognitive Training Yields Best Results in Healthy Older Adults, and Their ApoE4 State and Baseline Cognitive Level Predict Training Benefits
| Autor: | Josef Kessler, Elke Kalbe, Mandy Roheger |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Cognitive Neuroscience education Apolipoprotein E4 MEDLINE Subgroup analysis Neuropsychological Tests 050105 experimental psychology law.invention 03 medical and health sciences Executive Function 0302 clinical medicine Cognition Randomized controlled trial law Humans Learning 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Attention Aged Aged 80 and over 05 social sciences Neuropsychology General Medicine Middle Aged Verbal Learning Executive functions Cognitive training Healthy Volunteers Psychiatry and Mental health Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology Female Verbal memory Psychology 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Clinical psychology Forecasting |
| Zdroj: | Cognitive and behavioral neurology : official journal of the Society for Behavioral and Cognitive Neurology. 32(2) |
| ISSN: | 1543-3641 |
| Popis: | Background Cognitive training has been shown to improve cognitive functions in healthy older adults. However, little is known about which specific variables are responsible for the improvement. Objective Our aim was to evaluate whether healthy older adults benefit more from a structured cognitive training program than an unstructured brain jogging program and to identify possible predictors for training success, including apolipoprotein E4 (apoE4). Methods In a randomized controlled trial, participants completed either a 6-week structured cognitive training program (n=35) or a 6-week unstructured brain jogging program (n=35). A control group received no training and was not part of the randomization procedure (n=35). Overall, 105 participants were included in the training data analyses, focusing on verbal memory, attention, and executive functions. Data from an additional 45 previously trained, healthy older adults were used for the predictor analysis. Results A significant Time×Training interaction in favor of the structured cognitive training program was found in verbal memory. Low baseline performance on neuropsychological tests was a significant predictor for benefits in verbal memory, attention, and executive functions. A subgroup analysis (n=35) revealed that only noncarriers of the apoE4 allele showed significant gains in long-term verbal memory and attention. Conclusions Our results support the greater effectiveness of structured cognitive training on verbal memory compared with brain jogging and no training. The success of this type of training program may be predicted by sociodemographic, cognitive, and genetic variables. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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