PSYCHOLOGICAL STATE AND TYPOLOGICAL PERSONALITY FEATURES OF CHILDREN RESIDENTS OF RADIOACTIVELY CONTAMINATED TERRITORIES IN THE REMOTE PERIOD OF CHORNOBYL СATASTROPHE

Autor: Vitaliy Vdovenko, V. Sheveleva, V.A. Poznysh, T. Shepelyuk, Kolpakov Ie, Stepanova Ei
Rok vydání: 2020
Předmět:
Zdroj: Problemy radiatsiinoi medytsyny ta radiobiolohii. 25
ISSN: 2313-4607
Popis: To evaluate the psycho-emotional state of children-residents of radioactively contaminated territoriesand to characterize the typological features of their personality in the remote period of the Chornobyl catastrophe.Psycho-emotional status and typological personality traits were determined in 96 childrenaged 12 to 17 years, who resided in radioactively contaminated territories with a soil contamination density of 137Csabove 185 kBq/m-2, and were admitted for examination and treatment in the pediatric departments of the NRCRMclinic. Psycho-emotional state of children was determined using the test «non-existent animal», which was assessedin points on symptom complexes: anxiety, aggression and neuro-mental exhaustion. The questionnaire of A. Bassand A. Darkey was used to discriminate various aspects of the aggression symptom complex. In all children, the content of incorporated 137Cs was determined using a whole body counter.The results of the evaluation of the psycho-emotional state of children - residents of radioactively contaminated territories in the remote period of the Chornobyl catastrophe according to the test «non-existent animal»showed, that the state of anxiety was registered in all 96 children (100 %); state of aggression - in 60 children(62.5 %); exhaustion - in 57 children (59.37 %). Depending on the prevalence of the one or another symptom complexes, or their combination, 5 groups of observations were formed and the personality traits of children characteristic for each group were determined. In the largest group I with the predominance of anxiety symptom complex(45,83 % of the total sample) were noted: stable tendency to perceive many life-threatening situations and environment, pessimistic assessment of one's own life perspective, constant high level of anxiety. Girls were in majorityin this group. For group II, which showed a combination of high rates of two symptom complexes - anxiety andaggression (18.75 % of the total sample), the characteristic personality traits were a constant high level of emotional tension, a tendency to perceive the environment with distrust and a sense of guilt that arouses. In group IIIof children (14.58 % of the total sample), the symptom complex of aggression with feelings of alienation, isolationand hostile attitude towards the environment prevailed. Group IV of children (16.67 % of the total sample), with thecombination of signs of exhaustion and anxiety, had poor ability to concentrate, memory and attention deficit disorders, decreased learning ability, constant fatigue and irritability, apathy, inactivity, and inertia. Group V (only 4.17 %of the total sample) was characterized by low (less than 2 points) indices of all three symptom complexes. Girls weremuch more prone to anxiety, boys were more aggressive, sometimes accompanied by anxiety. Symptom complex ofexhaustion was determined with the same frequency in both boys and girls.Assessment of psycho-emotional sphere of children - residents of radioactively contaminated territories in the remote period of the Chornobyl catastrophe according to the «non-existent animal» test revealed in of100 % of children the presence of anxiety signs, in the vast majority - the state of aggression and exhaustion. Therewere no probable associations between the content of incorporated 137Cs (in the range from 111 to 7024 Bq) and thepeculiarities of the psycho-emotional state of children.Meta. Otsinyty psykhoemotsiĭnyĭ stan diteĭ-meshkantsiv radioaktyvno zabrudnenykh terytoriĭ ta okharakteryzuvatytypologichni rysy ïkhn'oï osobystosti u viddalenyĭ period Chornobyl's'koï katastrofy.Materialy i metody. Psykhoemotsiĭnyĭ stan ta typologichni rysy osobystosti vyznachaly u 96 diteĭ vikom vid 12do 17 rokiv, iaki postiĭno prozhyvaly na radioaktyvno zabrudnenykh terytoriiakh zi shchil'nistiu zabrudnennia ґruntiv137Cs ponad 168 kBk·m-2 ta nadkhodyly dlia obstezhennia ta likuvannia v dytiachi viddilennia kliniky NNTsRM. Psykhoemotsiĭnyĭ stan diteĭ vyznachaly za dopomogoiu testu «neisnuiucha tvaryna», iakyĭ otsiniuvaly v balakh za symptomokompleksamy: tryvozhnosti, agresyvnosti i nervovo-psykhichnoï vysnazhenosti. Dlia vidokremlennia riznykh aspektiv symptomokompleksu agresyvnosti zastosovuvaly opytuval'nyk A. Bassa ta A. Darki. U vsikh diteĭ vyznachaly vmist inkorporovanogo 137Cs za dopomogoiu lichyl'nyka vyprominiuvannia liudyny.Rezul'taty. Rezul'taty otsinky psykhoemotsiĭnogo stanu diteĭ–meshkantsiv radioaktyvno zabrudnenykh terytoriĭ uviddalenyĭ period Chornobyl's'koï katastrofy za testom «neisnuiucha tvaryna» pokazaly, shcho stan tryvozhnostireiestruvavsia v usikh 96 diteĭ (100 %); stan agresyvnosti – u 60 diteĭ (62,5 %); vysnazhennia – u 57 diteĭ (59,37 %).Zalezhno vid prevaliuvannia oznak tykh chy inshykh symptomokompleksiv, abo ïkh poiednannia, sformovano 5 grup sposterezhennia i vyznacheno rysy osobystosti diteĭ, kharakterni dlia kozhnoï z grup. U naĭchysel'nishiĭ I grupi z perevazhanniam oznak symptomokompleksu tryvozhnosti (45,83% vid zagal'noï vybirky) vidznachalys': stiĭka skhyl'nist'do spryĭniattia zagrozlyvymy bagat'okh zhyttievykh sytuatsiĭ ta otochennia, pesymistychna otsinka vlasnoï zhyttievoïperspektyvy, postiĭnyĭ vysokyĭ riven' emotsiĭnoï naprugy. Bil'shist' u tsiĭ grupi stanovyly divchata. Dlia II grupy, v iakiĭ vidznachalosia poiednannia vysokykh pokaznykiv dvokh symptomokompleksiv – tryvozhnosti ta agresyvnosti(18,75 % vid zagal'noï vybirky), kharakternymy rysamy osobystosti buly postiĭnyĭ vysokyĭ riven' emotsiĭnoïnaprugy, skhyl'nist' do spryĭniattia otochennia z nedoviroiu ta pochuttia provyny, shcho ie proiavom autoagresiï. U diteĭIII grupy (14,58 % vid zagal'noï vybirky) prevaliuvav symptomokompleks agresyvnosti z pochuttiamy vidchuzhennia,izol'ovanosti ta vorozhogo stavlennia do otochennia. Dity IV grupy (16,67 % vid zagal'noï vybirky) z poiednanniamoznak vysnazhennia ta tryvozhnosti vidznachalys' poganoiu zdatnistiu zoseredzhuvatysia, rozladamy kontsentratsiïpam’iati ta uvagy, znyzhenniam zdatnosti do navchannia, postiĭnoiu vtomoiu ta drativlyvistiu, apatiieiu, pasyvnistiu,inertnistiu. V grupa (lyshe 4,17 % vid zagal'noï vybirky) vidznachalasia nyz'kymy (menshe 2 baliv) pokaznykamyvsikh tr'okh symptomokompleksiv. Divchata buly znachno bil'she skhyl'nymy do proiaviv tryvozhnosti, khloptsi – doproiaviv agresyvnosti, iaki chasom suprovodzhuvalysia tryvozhnistiu. Symptomokompleks vysnazhenosti z odnakovoiuchastotoiu vyznachavsia iak u khloptsiv, tak i u divchat.Vysnovky. Otsinka psykhoemotsiĭnoï sfery diteĭ – meshkantsiv radioaktyvno zabrudnenykh terytoriĭ u viddalenyĭperiod Chornobyl's'koï katastrofy vyiavyla naiavnist' u 100 % diteĭ oznak stanu tryvozhnosti, u perevazhnoïbil'shosti – stanu agresyvnosti ta vysnazhennia. Virogidnykh asotsiatsiĭ mizh vmistom inkorporovanogo 137Cs (v diapazoni vid 111 do 7024 Bk) i osoblyvostiamy psykhoemotsiĭnogo stanu diteĭ ne vstanovleno.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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