Ultrasound speed in the metacarpal cortex - a survey of 347 Thoroughbreds in training
| Autor: | R. N. McCARTHY, S. H. W. Buckingham, Garry A. Anderson, Leo B. Jeffcott, R. N. McCartney |
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| Rok vydání: | 1992 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Bone density Bone Density Physical Conditioning Animal medicine Low bone density Animals Horses Ultrasonography Orthodontics Sex Characteristics business.industry Ultrasound Age Factors Soft tissue General Medicine Continuous training Distal limb Intensity (physics) Physical therapy Third metacarpal bone Regression Analysis Female Metacarpus business |
| Zdroj: | Equine Veterinary Journal. 24:191-195 |
| ISSN: | 2042-3306 0425-1644 |
| DOI: | 10.1111/j.2042-3306.1992.tb02813.x |
| Popis: | Summary Transmission ultrasound speed was determined in the third metacarpal bone of 347 Thoroughbred racehorses in training. In addition to direct measurement of apparent ultrasound speed and lateral bone diameter, several derived parameters were estimated (cortical ultrasound speed, corticomedullary ratio and cortical cross-sectional area). Multiple regression equations were developed for each ultrasound measurement using the explanatory variables: sex, age, duration and intensity of training, preparation number and previous shin soreness. The horses (114 females, 82 entire males and 151 geldings ranging in age from 20 to 116 months) had been in continuous training for an average of 10.0 weeks when measurements were made. All measurements except corticomedullary ratio were influenced by the sex of the horse. Geldings had significantly lower ultrasound transmission speed than entire males and females, reflecting a lower bone density. However, the geldings had larger cross-sectional areas (ie bone size). We suggest that the relationship between low ultrasound speed (ie low bone density) and large cross-sectional area maintains the overall mechanical integrity of the metacarpus. This relationship (high ultrasound speed and low cross-sectional area) was also found in each sex group. Ultrasound speed and corticomedullary ratio, but not cross-sectional area, were affected by age. Both duration and intensity of training influenced the ultrasound speed measurements. This study indicated that sex, age and state of training affect ultrasound results, but this explained only about 30% of the variance in the data. Other factors, ie genetic variation in bone density and size, differences in soft tissue thickness and distal limb temperature, presumably account for most of the variance. Acknowledgements. This project was sponsored by the Australian Equine Research Foundation and partly through a special grant from the Department of Sport and Recreation of Victoria. We thank Dr C. Savage and Dr H. Davies for assistance and advice; Mrs M. Jones and Mr A. Alder for technical help with the ultrasound measurements; and the many trainers who allowed access to the horses in their care. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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