Determination of two mercapturic acids related to crotonaldehyde in human urine: influence of smoking
| Autor: | Gerhard Scherer, M Urban, Shixia Feng, M Sarkar, Qiwei Liang, Hans-Juergen Roethig, Robin D. Kinser, H W Hagedorn |
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| Rok vydání: | 2007 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Alcohol Drinking 030309 nutrition & dietetics Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis Urinary system Urine Toxicology Sensitivity and Specificity Tobacco smoke Excretion Nicotine 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Tandem Mass Spectrometry medicine Humans Crotonaldehyde Aged Aldehydes 0303 health sciences Chromatography Smoking General Medicine Middle Aged Reference Standards Acetylcysteine chemistry Calibration Female 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology Cotinine Quantitative analysis (chemistry) Biomarkers Chromatography Liquid medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Human & Experimental Toxicology. 26:37-47 |
| ISSN: | 1477-0903 0960-3271 |
| DOI: | 10.1177/0960327107073829 |
| Popis: | Crotonaldehyde, an αβ-unsaturated aldehyde, and a potent alkylating agent, is present in many foods and beverages, ambient air and tobacco smoke. A previous study indicated that two metabolites, 3-hydroxy-1- methylpropylmercapturic acid (HMPMA) and 2-carboxy1-1-methylethylmercapturic acid (CMEMA), were excreted in rat urine after subcutaneous injection of crotonaldehyde. Herein, we report the development of a method based on liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and deuterated analytes as internal standards, for the determination of HMPMA and CMEMA in human urine. The limits of quantification of the method were 92 and 104 ng/mL for HMPMA and CMEMA, respectively. The calibration curves for both compounds were linear up to 7500 ng/mL with R2 >0.99. It was found that cigarette smokers excreted about three to five-fold more HMPMA, and only slightly elevated amounts of CMEMA, in their urine compared to non-smokers. In smokers, we also found significant correlations between the urinary excretion levels of HMPMA (but not CMEMA) and several markers of exposure for smoking, including the daily cigarette consumption, carbon monoxide in exhaled breath, salivary cotinine, and nicotine plus five of its major metabolites in urine. Smoking cessation or switching from smoking conventional cigarettes to experimental cigarettes with lower crotonaldehyde delivery led to significant reductions of urinary HMPMA excretion, but not CMEMA excretion. Alcohol consumption did not influence either urinary HMPMA or CMEMA excretion. We conclude that HMPMA is a potentially useful biomarker for smoking-related exposure to crotonaldehyde. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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