Safety and Tolerance of Intravenous Nimodipine
| Autor: | Pavur Sundaresan, John Lettieri, Allen H. Heller, John J. Sramek, Neal R. Cutler, Suzanne Sawin |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1994 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male Supine position Adolescent Posture Blood Pressure Placebo 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging Electrocardiography 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Double-Blind Method Pharmacokinetics Humans Medicine Pharmacology (medical) Infusions Intravenous Vein Adverse effect Physical Examination Nimodipine Plasma samples business.industry Drug Tolerance medicine.anatomical_structure Anesthesia Toxicity business 030217 neurology & neurosurgery Half-Life medicine.drug |
| Zdroj: | Annals of Pharmacotherapy. 28:1143-1148 |
| ISSN: | 1542-6270 1060-0280 |
| DOI: | 10.1177/106002809402801001 |
| Popis: | OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and tolerance of intravenous nimodipine administered via a peripheral vein in healthy male volunteers. DESIGN: Double-blind, placebo- and vehicle-controlled trial with three fixed-dose panels. SETTING: Inpatient infusion and observation periods. SUBJECTS: 61 healthy male volunteers, aged 18–40 years. METHODS: Subjects in panel 1 received nimodipine 0.4 mg/h, vehicle 2 mL/h, or placebo 2 mL/h; subjects in panel 2 received nimodipine 1 mg/h, vehicle 5 mL/h, or placebo 5 mL/h; subjects in panel 3 received nimodipine 2 mg/h, vehicle 10 mL/h, or placebo 10 mL/h. All infusions were administered intravenously for 48 hours and volunteers were observed for 48 hours after cessation of the infusion. In addition to standard safety assessments (physical examination, electrocardiogram, laboratory studies, and adverse event reporting), supine and standing blood pressures and pulse rates were measured frequently. Plasma samples were also analyzed for nimodipine and its two demethylated metabolites. RESULTS: Of 61 subjects, 55 completed the 48-hour infusion and 6 discontinued the study because of adverse events. Intravenous nimodipine was well tolerated at 0.4 and 1 mg/h. However, all six subjects who received nimodipine 2 mg/h experienced moderate-to-severe adverse events, and one subject was discontinued because of dizziness, diaphoresis, and postural hypotension. The matched vehicle (10 mL/h) also was not well tolerated, with three subjects who discontinued because of phlebitis. Two subjects who received placebo were also discontinued during the study. Small (2 mm Hg) decreases in mean supine diastolic blood pressure were observed in the 0.4- and 1-mg/h nimodipine groups, but the 2-mg/h group showed a slight (5 mm Hg) increase in blood pressure. These changes were not clinically significant. Clearance and half-life of nimodipine and its metabolites were similar at all three dosages. CONCLUSIONS: Using peripheral vein administration, nimodipine 2 mg/h and matched vehicle at 10 mL/h were not well tolerated in this healthy normal population. The maximum tolerated dose of nimodipine was found to be 1 mg/h. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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