Thrombus Structural Composition in Cardiovascular Disease
| Autor: | Yu Shi, Cédric Duval, Ghadir Alkarithi, Robert A. S. Ariëns, Fraser L. Macrae |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Blood Platelets Pathology medicine.medical_specialty Erythrocytes 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Fibrin Brief Review blood vessels 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine medicine Leukocytes Animals Humans Platelet Myocardial infarction cardiovascular diseases Thrombus Blood Coagulation biology business.industry Thrombosis Blood flow Neutrophil extracellular traps medicine.disease Red blood cell Disease Models Animal 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure myocardial infarction Cholesterol thrombectomy biology.protein cardiovascular system Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine business circulatory and respiratory physiology |
| Zdroj: | Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology |
| ISSN: | 1524-4636 1079-5642 |
| Popis: | Thrombosis is a major complication of cardiovascular disease, leading to myocardial infarction, acute ischemic stroke, or venous thromboembolism. Thrombosis occurs when a thrombus forms inside blood vessels disrupting blood flow. Developments in thrombectomy to remove thrombi from vessels have provided new opportunities to study thrombus composition which may help to understand mechanisms of disease and underpin improvements in treatments. We aimed to review thrombus compositions, roles of components in thrombus formation and stability, and methods to investigate thrombi. Also, we summarize studies on thrombus structure obtained from cardiovascular patients and animal models. Thrombi are composed of fibrin, red blood cells, platelets, leukocytes, and neutrophil extracellular traps. These components have been analyzed by several techniques, including scanning electron microscopy, laser scanning confocal microscopy, histochemistry, and immunohistochemistry; however, each technique has advantages and limitations. Thrombi are heterogenous in composition, but overall, thrombi obtained from myocardial infarction are composed of mainly fibrin and other components, including platelets, red blood cells, leukocytes, and cholesterol crystals. Thrombi from patients with acute ischemic stroke are characterized by red blood cell- and platelet-rich regions. Thrombi from patients with venous thromboembolism contain mainly red blood cells and fibrin with some platelets and leukocytes. Thrombus composition from patients with myocardial infarction is influenced by ischemic time. Animal thrombosis models are crucial to gain further mechanistic information about thrombosis and thrombus structure, with thrombi being similar in composition compared with those from patients. Further studies on thrombus composition and function are key to improve treatment and clinical outcome of thrombosis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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