The energetic basis for smooth human arm movements
| Autor: | Arthur D. Kuo, Tyler Cluff, Jeremy D. Wong |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
QH301-705.5
Human arm Computer science Science Movement Kinematics arm movements General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology optimal control Control theory motor control Humans Biology (General) Muscle force Smoothness (probability theory) Basis (linear algebra) General Immunology and Microbiology General Neuroscience General Medicine energetic cost Biomechanical Phenomena calcium pumping minimum variance Arm Medicine Energy Metabolism Energy (signal processing) Research Article Computational and Systems Biology Neuroscience Human |
| Zdroj: | eLife eLife, Vol 10 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2050-084X |
| DOI: | 10.7554/elife.68013 |
| Popis: | The central nervous system plans human reaching movements with stereotypically smooth kinematic trajectories and fairly consistent durations. Smoothness seems to be explained by accuracy as a primary movement objective, whereas duration seems to economize energy expenditure. But the current understanding of energy expenditure does not explain smoothness, so that two aspects of the same movement are governed by seemingly incompatible objectives. Here we show that smoothness is actually economical, because humans expend more metabolic energy for jerkier motions. The proposed mechanism is an underappreciated cost proportional to the rate of muscle force production, for calcium transport to activate muscle. We experimentally tested that energy cost in humans (N=10) performing bimanual reaches cyclically. The empirical cost was then demonstrated to predict smooth, discrete reaches, previously attributed to accuracy alone. A mechanistic, physiologically measurable, energy cost may therefore explain both smoothness and duration in terms of economy, and help resolve motor redundancy in reaching movements. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
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