Commuting to Work: Nucleolar Long Non-Coding RNA Control Ribosome Biogenesis from Near and Far
| Autor: | Barbara Trifault, Lea Boten, Victoria Mamontova, Kaspar Burger |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Nucleolus
Ribosome biogenesis ribosome biogenesis RNA polymerase II Review Biology QH426-470 Biochemistry 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Transcription (biology) ddc:570 Gene expression Genetics nucleolus Molecular Biology 030304 developmental biology 0303 health sciences long non-coding RNA RNA Ribosomal RNA Non-coding RNA Cell biology biology.protein 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Non-Coding RNA, Vol 7, Iss 42, p 42 (2021) Non-Coding RNA |
| Popis: | Gene expression is an essential process for cellular growth, proliferation, and differentiation. The transcription of protein-coding genes and non-coding loci depends on RNA polymerases. Interestingly, numerous loci encode long non-coding (lnc)RNA transcripts that are transcribed by RNA polymerase II (RNAPII) and fine-tune the RNA metabolism. The nucleolus is a prime example of how different lncRNA species concomitantly regulate gene expression by facilitating the production and processing of ribosomal (r)RNA for ribosome biogenesis. Here, we summarise the current findings on how RNAPII influences nucleolar structure and function. We describe how RNAPII-dependent lncRNA can both promote nucleolar integrity and inhibit ribosomal (r)RNA synthesis by modulating the availability of rRNA synthesis factors in trans. Surprisingly, some lncRNA transcripts can directly originate from nucleolar loci and function in cis. The nucleolar intergenic spacer (IGS), for example, encodes nucleolar transcripts that counteract spurious rRNA synthesis in unperturbed cells. In response to DNA damage, RNAPII-dependent lncRNA originates directly at broken ribosomal (r)DNA loci and is processed into small ncRNA, possibly to modulate DNA repair. Thus, lncRNA-mediated regulation of nucleolar biology occurs by several modes of action and is more direct than anticipated, pointing to an intimate crosstalk of RNA metabolic events. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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