The COVID‐19 epidemic in Madagascar: clinical description and laboratory results of the first wave, march‐september 2020

Autor: Jean Marius Rakotondramanga, Roger Mario Rabetombosoa, Cara E. Brook, Hafaliana Christian Ranaivoson, Vaomalala Raharimanga, Fanjasoa Rakotomanana, Tsiry Hasina Randriambolamanantsoa, Reziky Tiandraza Mangahasimbola, Soa Fy Andriamandimby, Helisoa Razafimanjato, Mirella Randrianarisoa, Cristina M. Tato, Harinirina Aina Rabemananjara, Manuela Christophère Vololoniaina, Iony Manitra Razanajatovo, Joelinotahiana Hasina Rabarison, Richter Razafindratsimandresy, Joseph L. DeRisi, Fidiniaina Mamy Randriatsarafara, Sandratana Jonhson Raharinantoanina, Zely Arivelo Randriamanantany, Vololoniaina Raharinosy, Norosoa Harline Razanajatovo, Barivola Bernardson, Lea Randriamampionona, Laurence Randrianasolo, Philippe Dussart, Vida Ahyong, Jean-Michel Heraud, Rindra Randremanana
Přispěvatelé: Unité d’Épidémiologie et de Recherche clinique [Antananarivo, Madagascar], Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Unité de Virologie [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), University of California [Berkeley], University of California, Chan Zuckerberg BioHub [San Francisco, CA], Ministère de la Santé Publique [Antananarivo, Madagascar], This study received financial support from the World Health Organization (WHO), the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (US CDC: Grant#U5/IP000812-05), the United States Agency for International Development (USAID: Cooperation Agreement 72068719CA00001), the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response in the US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS: grant number IDSEP190051-01-0200), the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (GCE/ID OPP1211841), the Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, and the Innovative Genomics Institute at UC Berkeley., We thank all staff from the Ministry of Public Health including the clinicians and nurses from the different University Hospitals, in particular in Antananarivo (Joseph Raseta Befelatanana, Joseph Ravoahangy Andrianavalona, Anosiala and Andohatapenaka), and Toamasina (Analakininina and Morafeno). We are in debt to all staff from the Institut Pasteur de Madagascar for their dedicated work during this pandemic. We received technical support from The Institut Pasteur International Network, the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF), the AFRICA CDC and the Jack Ma Foundation.
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2021
Předmět:
Male
madagascar
SARS‐CoV‐2
0302 clinical medicine
Nasopharynx
Medicine
Statistical analysis
030212 general & internal medicine
Viral
Asymptomatic Infections
0303 health sciences
Travel
Genome
Surveillance
Middle Aged
Laboratory results
3. Good health
Geography
Infectious Diseases
COVID-19 Nucleic Acid Testing
Epidemiological Monitoring
[SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology
Public Health and Health Services
Original Article
Female
epidemiology
medicine.symptom
Adult
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
medicine.medical_specialty
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2)
Clinical Sciences
SARS‐
Genome
Viral
Reference laboratory
Asymptomatic
03 medical and health sciences
COVID‐19
Virology
CoV‐
Humans
030304 developmental biology
business.industry
SARS-CoV-2
Public health
pandemic
Public Health
Environmental and Occupational Health
COVID-19
Original Articles
Odds ratio
COVID‐
[SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie
Electronic database
business
Demography
Zdroj: Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses
Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses, Wiley Open Access, 2021, ⟨10.1111/irv.12845⟩
Influenza and other respiratory viruses, vol 15, iss 4
ISSN: 1750-2640
1750-2659
Popis: Author(s): Randremanana, Rindra Vatosoa; Andriamandimby, Soa-Fy; Rakotondramanga, Jean Marius; Razanajatovo, Norosoa Harline; Mangahasimbola, Reziky Tiandraza; Randriambolamanantsoa, Tsiry Hasina; Ranaivoson, Hafaliana Christian; Rabemananjara, Harinirina Aina; Razanajatovo, Iony; Razafindratsimandresy, Richter; Rabarison, Joelinotahiana Hasina; Brook, Cara E; Rakotomanana, Fanjasoa; Rabetombosoa, Roger Mario; Razafimanjato, Helisoa; Ahyong, Vida; Raharinosy, Vololoniaina; Raharimanga, Vaomalala; Raharinantoanina, Sandratana Jonhson; Randrianarisoa, Mirella Malala; Bernardson, Barivola; Randrianasolo, Laurence; Randriamampionona, Lea Bricette Nirina; Tato, Cristina M; DeRisi, Joseph L; Dussart, Philippe; Vololoniaina, Manuela Christophere; Randriatsarafara, Fidiniaina Mamy; Randriamanantany, Zely Arivelo; Heraud, Jean-Michel | Abstract: BackgroundFollowing the first detection of SARS-CoV-2 in passengers arriving from Europe on 19 March 2020, Madagascar took several mitigation measures to limit the spread of the virus in the country.MethodsNasopharyngeal and/or oropharyngeal swabs were collected from travellers to Madagascar, suspected SARS-CoV-2 cases and contact of confirmed cases. Swabs were tested at the national reference laboratory using real-time RT-PCR. Data collected from patients were entered in an electronic database for subsequent statistical analysis. All distribution of laboratory-confirmed cases were mapped, and six genomes of viruses were fully sequenced.ResultsOverall, 26,415 individuals were tested for SARS-CoV-2 between 18 March and 18 September 2020, of whom 21.0% (5,553/26,145) returned positive. Among laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2-positive patients, the median age was 39nyears (IQR: 28-52), and 56.6% (3,311/5,553) were asymptomatic at the time of sampling. The probability of testing positive increased with age with the highest adjusted odds ratio of 2.2 [95% CI: 1.9-2.5] for individuals aged 49nyears and more. Viral strains sequenced belong to clades 19A, 20A and 20B indicative of several independent introduction of viruses.ConclusionsOur study describes the first wave of the COVID-19 in Madagascar. Despite early strategies in place Madagascar could not avoid the introduction and spread of the virus. More studies are needed to estimate the true burden of disease and make public health recommendations for a better preparation to another wave.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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