Morphoregulation of teeth: modulating the number, size, shape and differentiation by tuning Bmp activity
| Autor: | J. G. M. Thewissen, Yang Chai, Julia Reyna, M. Zeichner-David, Julie-Ann Mayer, Pablo Bringas, Malcolm L. Snead, Maksim V. Plikus, Cheng-Ming Chuong |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2005 |
| Předmět: |
Molar
Cell signaling Morphogenesis Biology Article Mice stomatognathic system Animals Dental Enamel Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics Regulation of gene expression Mice Knockout Enamel paint Gene Expression Regulation Developmental Anatomy Phenotype Cell biology Incisor stomatognathic diseases Odontoblast visual_art Bone Morphogenetic Proteins visual_art.visual_art_medium Odontogenesis Ameloblast Carrier Proteins Developmental Biology Signal Transduction |
| Zdroj: | Evolutiondevelopment. 7(5) |
| ISSN: | 1520-541X |
| Popis: | During development and evolution, the morphology of ectodermal organs can be modulated so that an organism can adapt to different environments. We have proposed that morphoregulation can be achieved by simply tilting the balance of molecular activity. We test the principles by analyzing the effects of partial downregulation of Bmp signaling in oral and dental epithelia of the keratin 14-Noggin transgenic mouse. We observed a wide spectrum of tooth phenotypes. The dental formula changed from 1.0.0.3/1.0.0.3 to 1.0.0.2(1)/1.0.0.0. All mandibular and M3 maxillary molars were selectively lost because of the developmental block at the early bud stage. First and second maxillary molars were reduced in size, exhibited altered crown patterns, and failed to form multiple roots. In these mice, incisors were not transformed into molars. Histogenesis and differentiation of ameloblasts and odontoblasts in molars and incisors were abnormal. Lack of enamel caused misocclusion of incisors, leading to deformation and enlargement in size. Therefore, subtle differences in the level, distribution, and timing of signaling molecules can have major morphoregulatory consequences. Modulation of Bmp signaling exemplifies morphoregulation hypothesis: simple alteration of key signaling pathways can be used to transform a prototypical conical-shaped tooth into one with complex morphology. The involvement of related pathways and the implication of morphoregulation in tooth evolution are discussed. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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