Effects of oxytocin on stress reactivity and craving in veterans with co-occurring PTSD and alcohol use disorder
| Autor: | Nicholas P. Allan, Christal L. Badour, Casey D. Calhoun, Sudie E. Back, Kathleen T. Brady, Megan M. Moran-Santa Maria, Julianne C. Flanagan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2019 |
| Předmět: |
Male
endocrine system Hydrocortisone Psychological Techniques 030508 substance abuse Craving Alcohol use disorder Oxytocin Placebo behavioral disciplines and activities Article Stress Disorders Post-Traumatic 03 medical and health sciences Double-Blind Method mental disorders medicine Humans Pharmacology (medical) Administration Intranasal Veterans Pharmacology Social stress Psychotropic Drugs business.industry Middle Aged medicine.disease Comorbidity Alcoholism Psychiatry and Mental health Treatment Outcome Diagnosis Dual (Psychiatry) Dual diagnosis Female Drug Monitoring medicine.symptom 0305 other medical science business Stress Psychological hormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonists medicine.drug Clinical psychology |
| Zdroj: | Experimental and Clinical Psychopharmacology. 27:45-54 |
| ISSN: | 1936-2293 1064-1297 0205-8251 |
| DOI: | 10.1037/pha0000232 |
| Popis: | Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and alcohol use disorder (AUD) are highly prevalent and commonly co-occur. The dual diagnosis of PTSD/AUD is associated with serious negative sequalae and there are currently no effective pharmacological treatments for this comorbidity. Both PTSD and AUD are characterized by dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which helps modulate stress reactivity. Oxytocin, a neuropeptide that attenuates HPA axis dysregulation, may be beneficial for individuals with co-occurring PTSD/AUD. Thus, the current study examined the effects of intranasal oxytocin (40 IU) as compared to placebo on stress reactivity (e.g., cortisol) as well as subjective alcohol craving in response to a laboratory stress task (Trier Social Stress Task). Participants were 67 male U.S. military veterans with current PTSD and AUD (oxytocin n=32, placebo n=35; overall mean Age=49.06 years). Baseline cortisol levels were examined as a moderator of outcome. The findings revealed that oxytocin marginally attenuated cortisol reactivity in response to the stress task. Furthermore, oxytocin’s effect was moderated by baseline cortisol level, such that oxytocin mitigated cortisol reactivity to a greater extent among participants with higher, as compared to lower, baseline cortisol. Oxytocin did not reduce craving. Although preliminary, the findings are the first to examine oxytocin in co-occurring PTSD/AUD. The findings from this study contribute to the growing literature examining the potential utility of oxytocin among individuals with psychiatric disorders, such as PTSD and substance use disorders. NCT02058251. Keywords: PTSD; alcohol; craving; comorbidity; oxytocin; social stress |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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