Single-Dose Universal Hepatitis A Immunization in Argentina: Low Viral Circulation and High Persistence of Protective Antibodies Up to 4 Years
| Autor: | Angela Gentile, Analía Rearte, María Cristina Cañero-Velasco, Rogelio Calli, M Pérez Carrega, Analía Urueña, Máximo Diosque, Andrea Uboldi, Carla Vizzotti, Jorge González, Margarita Ramonet |
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| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Pediatrics medicine.medical_specialty Hepatitis A vaccine Argentina Hepatitis A Antibodies Group B Seroepidemiologic Studies medicine Seroprevalence Humans Immunization Schedule Hepatitis A Vaccines biology business.industry Hepatitis A Infant General Medicine Odds ratio medicine.disease Confidence interval Vaccination Infectious Diseases Immunoglobulin M Child Preschool Immunoglobulin G Pediatrics Perinatology and Child Health biology.protein Female business |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society. 4(4) |
| ISSN: | 2048-7207 |
| Popis: | Background. Single-dose hepatitis A virus (HAV) vaccination was implemented in all Argentinean children aged 12 months in 2005. Between 2005 and 2011, a dramatic decline was observed in HAV infection rates, fulminant hepatitis, and liver transplantation. This study assessed current viral circulation and estimated protective antibody persistence 4 years after vaccination. Methods. Prevalence of prevaccination anti-HAV antibodies in 12-month-old children was evaluated as an indirect estimation of viral circulation (Group A). Seroprevalence was also measured in 5-year-old children who received 1 dose of HAV vaccine at 1 year of age (Group B). Blood samples were tested for immunoglobulin (Ig)G anti-HAV antibodies (seroprotection =10 mIU/mL). All Group A-positive samples were tested for IgM anti-HAV antibodies to identify recent infections. Logistic regression analysis was done to evaluate associations between demographic and socioeconomic variables and seroprotection. Results. Of 433 children from Group A, 29.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 25.2–33.8) were positive for IgG anti-HAV antibodies with a geometric mean concentration (GMC) of 6.17 mIU/mL (95% CI, 5.33–7.15 mIU/mL); all IgM anti-HAV were negative. From 1139 in Group B, 93% (95% CI, 91.7–94.6) maintained seroprotection with a GMC of 97.96 mIU/mL (95% CI, 89.21–107.57 mIU/mL). Kindergarten attendance was associated with seroprotection in Group B (odds ratio [OR], 2.0; 95% CI, 1.26–3.3). In contrast, high maternal educational level was associated with a lack of seroprotection in this group (OR, .26; 95% CI, .09–.8). Conclusions. Single-dose, universal hepatitis A immunization in infants resulted in low HAV circulation and persistent immunologic protection up to 4 years in Argentina. Variables associated with presence or absence of seroprotection in vaccinated children could be related to differences in hygiene habits in settings with residual viral circulation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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