Different (key)strokes for different folks: How standard and nonstandard typists balance Fitts’ law and Hick’s law
| Autor: | Jana E. Ulrich, Dakota R. B. Lindsey, Gordon D. Logan |
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| Rok vydání: | 2016 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Hick's law Automaticity Experimental and Cognitive Psychology 050105 experimental psychology Developmental psychology Executive Function 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience 0302 clinical medicine Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) Consistency (statistics) Humans 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences Fitts's law Arithmetic Balance (metaphysics) Recall 05 social sciences Pattern Recognition Visual Motor Skills Explicit knowledge Psychological Theory Psychology Priming (psychology) Psychomotor Performance 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance. 42:2084-2102 |
| ISSN: | 1939-1277 0096-1523 |
| DOI: | 10.1037/xhp0000272 |
| Popis: | Fine motor skills like typing involve a mapping problem that trades Fitts' law against Hick's law. Eight fingers have to be mapped onto 26 keys. Movement time increases with distance, so Fitts' law is optimized by recruiting more fingers. Choice difficulty increases with the number of alternatives, so Hick's law is optimized by recruiting fewer fingers. The effect of the number of alternatives decreases with consistent practice, so skilled typists achieve a balance between Fitts' law and Hick's law through learning. We tested this hypothesis by comparing standard typists who use the standard QWERTY mapping consistently with nonstandard typists who use fewer fingers less consistently. Typing speed and accuracy were lower for nonstandard typists, especially when visual guidance was reduced by removing the letters from the keys or covering the keyboard. Regression analyses showed that accommodation to Fitts' law (number of fingers) and Hick's law (consistency) predicted typing speed and accuracy. We measured the automaticity of typing in both groups, testing for hierarchical control in 3 tasks: word priming, which measures parallel activation of keystrokes, keyboard recall, which measures explicit knowledge of letter locations, and hand cuing, which measures explicit knowledge of which hand types which letter. Standard and nonstandard typists showed similar degrees of hierarchical control in all 3 tasks, suggesting that nonstandard typists type as automatically as standard typists, but their suboptimal balance between Fitts' law and Hick's law limits their ability to type quickly and accurately. (PsycINFO Database Record |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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