Differential Effects of Flutamide and Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate on Male Reproductive Organs in a Rat Model
| Autor: | Kyung-Chul Choi, Eui-Bae Jeung, Kikyung Jung, Eui-Man Jung, Jounghee Baek, Vu Hoang Dang, Thuy Thi Bich Vo |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2009 |
| Předmět: |
Male
Testosterone propionate endocrine system medicine.medical_specialty Offspring Biology Models Biological Flutamide Rats Sprague-Dawley chemistry.chemical_compound Blood serum Diethylhexyl Phthalate Internal medicine Testis medicine Animals Testosterone Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis Phthalate Androgen Antagonists Rats Endocrinology Gene Expression Regulation chemistry Receptors Androgen Androgens Female Steroids Animal Science and Zoology Luteinizing hormone Hormone |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Reproduction and Development. 55:400-411 |
| ISSN: | 1348-4400 0916-8818 |
| DOI: | 10.1262/jrd.20220 |
| Popis: | Endocrine disruptors (EDs) with androgenic and anti-androgenic effects may alter reproductive function by binding to androgenic receptors (AR) and inducing or modulating AR-dependent responses in the male reproductive system. However, the molecular mechanism(s) underlying these events remains unclear. In the present study, pregnant Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were treated with testosterone propionate (TP), flutamide (Flu) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) from gestation days (GD) 11 to 21. Interestingly, maternal exposure to Flu or DEHP caused fluctuations in the neonatal levels of serum testosterone (T) and luteinizing hormone (LH). Serum testosterone and LH were upregulated by Flu, but these hormones were down-regulated by DEHP. The anogenital distances (AGD) of male newborns were determined at post-neonatal days (PND) 1, 21 and 63. Male rats treated prenatally with DEHP (100 mg/kg mother's body weight) or Flu showed an AGD shorter than that of control rats. At PND 63, sperm concentration, viability and motility were reduced in the maternal DEHP and Flu-treated groups. The numbers of seminiferous tubules were reduced in the Flu and DEHP-treated offspring when compared with the vehicle- and TP-treated groups, and the tubules of the testes at PND 63 were disrupted by a high dose of Flu. In addition, we found differential gene expression patterns by microarray analysis following ED exposure, particularly in sex determination-related genes. Although Flu and DEHP are considered to be identical with regard to their anti-androgenic effects, their effects on developing male reproductive organs were distinct, suggesting that Flu competes with endogenous T, while DEHP influences a different step in androgenesis. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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