Genetic diversity of local and introduced cassava germplasm in Burundi using DArTseq molecular analyses

Autor: Malu Muia Ndavi, Lydia N. Wamalwa, Niyonzima Pierre, Silver Tumwegamire, Bigirimana Simon, W. M. Muiru, Edward Kanju, Morag Ferguson
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2022
Předmět:
Germplasm
Leaves
Heredity
Manihot
Conservation Biology
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
Plant Science
Genetic analysis
Geographical Locations
Cultivar
Conservation Science
Disease Resistance
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
education.field_of_study
Multidisciplinary
Heterozygosity
Plant Anatomy
food and beverages
Eukaryota
Chromosome Mapping
Agriculture
Plants
Seeds
Conservation Genetics
Medicine
Genome
Plant
Research Article
Breeding program
Science
Burundi
Population
Quantitative Trait Loci
Biology
Polymorphism
Single Nucleotide
Genetic variation
Genetics
education
Genetic diversity
Cassava
business.industry
Ecology and Environmental Sciences
Organisms
Biology and Life Sciences
Agronomy
Biotechnology
Plant Breeding
Genetics
Population
Genetic distance
People and Places
Africa
Shrubs
business
Zdroj: PLoS ONE
PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 1 (2022)
PLoS ONE, Vol 17, Iss 1, p e0256002 (2022)
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: In Burundi, most of small-scale farmers still grow traditional cassava landraces that are adapted to local conditions and have been selected for consumer preferred attributes. They tend to be susceptible, in varying degrees, to devastating cassava viral diseases such as Cassava Brown Steak Disease (CBSD) and Cassava Mosaic Disease (CMD) with production annual losses of US$1 billion annually. For long term resistance to the disease, several breeding strategies have been proposed. A sound basis for a breeding program is to understand the genetic diversity of both landraces and elite introduced breeding cultivars. This will also assist in efforts to conserve landraces ahead of the broad distribution of improved varieties which have the possibility of replacing landraces. Our study aimed at determining the genetic diversity and relationships of local landraces and introduced elite germplasm using morphological and simple nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers as well as identifying a core set of germplasm from the local varieties to be used in the cassava breeding program. A total of 118 cultivars were characterized for morphological trait variation based on leaf, stem and root traits, and genetic variation using SNP markers. Results of morphological characterization based on Ward’s Method revealed three main clusters and five accessions sharing similar characteristics. Molecular characterization identified over 18,000 SNPs and six main clusters and three pairs of duplicates which should be pooled together as one cultivar to avoid redundancy. Results of population genetic analysis showed low genetic distance between populations and between local landraces and elite germplasm. Accessions that shared similar morphological traits were divergent at the molecular level indicating that clustering using morphological traits was inconsistent. Despite the variabilities found within the collection, it was observed that cassava germplasm in Burundi have a narrow genetic base.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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