Infection of Female Primary Lower Genital Tract Epithelial Cells after Natural Pseudotyping of HIV-1: Possible Implications for Sexual Transmission of HIV-1

Autor: Glenn E. Simmons, Yuyang Tang, Nkiruka Emeagwali, Franklin J. Nouvet, James E. K. Hildreth, Stephanie D. Sweet, Alvin M. George, Harry E. Taylor
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2014
Předmět:
CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes
Viral Diseases
Epidemiology
viruses
Xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus
HIV Infections
Pathogenesis
Cervix Uteri
Clinical immunology
Pathology and Laboratory Medicine
Virus Replication
Immunodeficiency Viruses
Gammaretrovirus
Multidisciplinary
Coitus
virus diseases
HIV immunopathogenesis
AIDS
Infectious Diseases
Medical Microbiology
HIV epidemiology
Viral Pathogens
Vagina
Pseudotyping
Medicine
Female
Research Article
Sexual transmission
Viral Entry
Science
Immunology
HIV prevention
Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Biology
Microbiology
Viral Attachment
Virus
Cell Line
Virology
Humans
Microbial Pathogens
Tropism
Medicine and health sciences
Preventive medicine
Biology and life sciences
HIV
Epithelial Cells
biology.organism_classification
Antibodies
Neutralizing
Viral Tropism
Public and occupational health
Viral replication
Co-Infections
Tissue tropism
HIV-1
Viral Transmission and Infection
Zdroj: PLoS ONE
PLoS ONE, Vol 9, Iss 7, p e101367 (2014)
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: The global AIDS pandemic continues to expand and in some regions of the world, such as southern Africa, the prevalence of HIV-1 infection exceeds 20%. The devastating spread of the virus in young women in these countries appears disproportional to overall risk of infection. Regions with high prevalence of HIV-1 are often also highly endemic for other pathogenic viruses including HSV, CMV and HTLV. We propose that acquisition by HIV-1 of the envelope glycoproteins of other viruses, in a process we call “natural pseudotyping,” expands the cellular tropism of HIV-1, enabling it to infect female genital epithelial cells directly and thereby dramatically increasing risk of infection during sexual intercourse. In this proof-of-concept study, we demonstrate that when HIV-1 co-infects T cells along with the gammaretrovirus xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus (XMRV), progeny HIV-1 particles are produced capable of infecting primary vaginal, ectocervical and endocervical epithelial cells. These cell types are normally resistant to HIV-1 infection. Infection of primary genital cells was neutralized by antisera against the XMRV glycoprotein, confirming that infection was mediated by the XMRV glycoprotein acquired through pseudotyping of HIV. Inhibition by AZT showed that active replication of HIV-1 occurred in these cells and ruled out non-specific endocytic uptake of the virus. These results demonstrate that natural pseudotyping can expand the tropism of HIV-1 to include genital epithelial cells and have potential implications for sexual transmission of the virus.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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