The Discovery of New Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Communities in the Southern Ocean and Implications for Biogeography
| Autor: | Eisen, Jonathan, Rogers, Alex, Tyler, Paul, Connelly, Douglas, Copley, Jon, James, Rachael, Larter, Robert, Linse, Katrin, Mills, Rachel, Garabato, Alfredo Naveira, Pancost, Richard, Pearce, David, Polunin, Nicholas, German, Christopher, Shank, Timothy, Boersch-Supan, Philipp, Alker, Belinda, Aquilina, Alfred, Bennett, Sarah, Clarke, Andrew, Dinley, Robert, Graham, Alastair, Green, Darryl, Hawkes, Jeffrey, Hepburn, Laura, Hilario, Ana, Huvenne, Veerle, Marsh, Leigh, Ramirez-Llodra, Eva, Reid, William, Roterman, Christopher, Sweeting, Christopher, Thatje, Sven, Zwirglmaier, Katrin |
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| Přispěvatelé: | University of St Andrews. School of Biology, University of St Andrews. Scottish Oceans Institute |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
0106 biological sciences
Ecophysiology Gastropoda Mid-Atlantic Ridge Molecular phylogeny Animal Phylogenetics 01 natural sciences Kiwaidae Crustacea Decapoda RNA Ribosomal 16S Oceans RNA Ribosomal 28S QE Morphological evidence Community Assembly Hydrogen Sulfide Biology (General) Phylogeny Chemosynthesis 0303 health sciences biology Ecology Geography General Neuroscience Marine Ecology Temperature Geology Biodiversity Marine Technology Biogeochemistry Hydrogen-Ion Concentration C700 Biota Plate Tectonics Antarctic Ocean Community Ecology Biogeography Spreading Centers Ocean Ridges General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Marine Geology Hydrothermal vent Mid-atlantic ridge Research Article QH301-705.5 Siboglinidae Evolution Oceans and Seas Molecular Sequence Data Sequence data Antarctic Regions Marine Biology 010603 evolutionary biology Deep sea Microbiology General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology West Pacific Microbial Ecology Electron Transport Complex IV 03 medical and health sciences Bransfield Strait Extremophiles Hydrothermal Vents Species Specificity RNA Ribosomal 18S Animal Physiology Animals Seawater 14. Life underwater SDG 14 - Life Below Water Biology Ecosystem 030304 developmental biology Polychaete General Immunology and Microbiology East scotia ridge Marine Bacteria Sodium Sequence Analysis DNA biology.organism_classification Astrobiology Invertebrates Marine and aquatic sciences Marine Sciences QE Geology Earth sciences Geochemistry 13. Climate action Evolutionary Ecology Zoology |
| Zdroj: | PLoS Biology Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal Repositório Científico de Acesso Aberto de Portugal (RCAAP) instacron:RCAAP PLoS Biology, Vol 10, Iss 1, p e1001234 (2012) Digital.CSIC. Repositorio Institucional del CSIC instname |
| ISSN: | 1545-7885 |
| Popis: | Rogers, Alex D. ... et. al.-- 17 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, supporting information in https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001234 Since the first discovery of deep-sea hydrothermal vents along the Galápagos Rift in 1977, numerous vent sites and endemic faunal assemblages have been found along mid-ocean ridges and back-arc basins at low to mid latitudes. These discoveries have suggested the existence of separate biogeographic provinces in the Atlantic and the North West Pacific, the existence of a province including the South West Pacific and Indian Ocean, and a separation of the North East Pacific, North East Pacific Rise, and South East Pacific Rise. The Southern Ocean is known to be a region of high deep-sea species diversity and centre of origin for the global deep-sea fauna. It has also been proposed as a gateway connecting hydrothermal vents in different oceans but is little explored because of extreme conditions. Since 2009 we have explored two segments of the East Scotia Ridge (ESR) in the Southern Ocean using a remotely operated vehicle. In each segment we located deep-sea hydrothermal vents hosting high-temperature black smokers up to 382.8°C and diffuse venting. The chemosynthetic ecosystems hosted by these vents are dominated by a new yeti crab (Kiwa n. sp.), stalked barnacles, limpets, peltospiroid gastropods, anemones, and a predatory sea star. Taxa abundant in vent ecosystems in other oceans, including polychaete worms (Siboglinidae), bathymodiolid mussels, and alvinocaridid shrimps, are absent from the ESR vents. These groups, except the Siboglinidae, possess planktotrophic larvae, rare in Antarctic marine invertebrates, suggesting that the environmental conditions of the Southern Ocean may act as a dispersal filter for vent taxa. Evidence from the distinctive fauna, the unique community structure, and multivariate analyses suggest that the Antarctic vent ecosystems represent a new vent biogeographic province. However, multivariate analyses of species present at the ESR and at other deep-sea hydrothermal vents globally indicate that vent biogeography is more complex than previously recognised. © 2012 Rogers et al. The ChEsSo research programme was funded by a NERC Consortium Grant (NE/DO1249X/1) and supported by the Census of Marine Life and the Sloan Foundation, and the Total Foundation for Biodiversity (Abyss 2100)(SVTH) all of which are gratefully acknowledged. We also acknowledge NSF grant ANT-0739675 (CG and TS), NERC PhD studentships NE/D01429X/1(LH, LM, CNR), NE/H524922/1(JH) and NE/F010664/1 (WDKR), a Cusanuswerk doctoral fellowship, and a Lesley & Charles Hilton-Brown Scholarship, University of St. Andrews (PHBS) |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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