An in vitro model to assess the peripheral vestibulotoxicity of aromatic solvents
| Autor: | Monique Chalansonnet, V. Tallandier, Benoît Pouyatos, Aurélie Thomas, Lise Merlen, Pierre Campo, Stéphane Boucard |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
Xylenes
Toxicology Ethylbenzene Hydrocarbons Aromatic Styrene 03 medical and health sciences chemistry.chemical_compound 0302 clinical medicine Pregnancy otorhinolaryngologic diseases medicine Animals Inner ear Rats Long-Evans Saccule and Utricle Cochlea Cells Cultured 030304 developmental biology Vestibular system 0303 health sciences Dose-Response Relationship Drug General Neuroscience Xylene Toluene 3. Good health Rats medicine.anatomical_structure chemistry Animals Newborn Toxicity Biophysics Solvents Female Vestibule Labyrinth 030217 neurology & neurosurgery |
| Zdroj: | Neurotoxicology. 84 |
| ISSN: | 1872-9711 |
| Popis: | Epidemiological and experimental studies indicate that a number of aromatic solvents widely used in the industry can affect hearing and balance following chronic exposure. Animal studies demonstrated that long-term exposure to aromatic solvents directly damages the auditory receptor within the inner ear: the cochlea. However, no information is available on their effect on the vestibular receptor, which shares many structural features with the cochlea and is also localized in inner ear. The aim of this study was to use an in vitro approach to assess and compare the vestibular toxicity of different aromatic solvents (toluene, ethylbenzene, styrene and ortho-, meta-, para-xylene), all of which have well known cochleotoxic properties. We used a three-dimensional culture model of rat utricles (“cysts”) with preserved functional sensory and secretory epithelia, and containing a potassium-rich (K+) endolymph-like fluid for this study. Variations in K+ concentrations in this model were considered as biomarkers of toxicity of the substances tested. After 72 h exposure, o-xylene, ethylbenzene and styrene decreased the K+ concentration by 78 %, 37 % and 28 %, respectively. O- xylene and styrene both caused histopathological alterations in secretory and sensory epithelial areas after 72 h exposure, whereas no anomalies were observed in ethylbenzene-exposed samples. These in vitro results suggest that some widely used aromatic solvents might have vestibulotoxic properties (o-xylene, styrene and ethylbenzene), whereas others may not (p-xylene, m-xylene, toluene). Our results also indicate that variations in endolymphatic K+ concentration may be a more sensitive marker of vestibular toxicity than histopathological events. Finally, this study suggests that cochleotoxic solvents might not be necessarily vestibulotoxic, and vice versa. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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