| Popis: |
In this chapter, overviews of previous reported low-power reference circuits and details of our circuits were provided. These circuits generate constant reference voltages and currents that are independent of supply voltage and temperature. However, to achieve submicrowatt operation in circuits that consist of MOSFETs and resistors, they require resistors with a high resistance of several hundred mega ohms. Such a high resistance needs a large area to be implemented, and this is quite inconvenient for practical use in ultra-low power LSIs. Therefore, reference circuits for sub-microwatt operation have to be implemented without the use of resistors. |
