Developmental Neurobiology of the Rat Attachment System and Its Modulation by Stress
| Autor: | Regina M. Sullivan, Reto Bisaz |
|---|---|
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2012 |
| Předmět: |
lcsh:BF1-990
pup Brain Structure and Function Sensory system Review Development Amygdala norepinephrine 03 medical and health sciences Behavioral Neuroscience chemistry.chemical_compound stress 0302 clinical medicine Corticosterone Stress (linguistics) Genetics medicine 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences rat 050102 behavioral science & comparative psychology Developmental neurobiology book General Psychology Ecology Evolution Behavior and Systematics attachment locus coeruleus corticosterone 05 social sciences amygdala maternal odor medicine.anatomical_structure trauma lcsh:Psychology Odor chemistry book.journal Locus coeruleus fear Psychology Neuroscience 030217 neurology & neurosurgery psychological phenomena and processes |
| Zdroj: | Behavioral Sciences, Vol 2, Iss 2, Pp 79-102 (2012) Behavioral Sciences |
| Popis: | Stress is a powerful modulator of brain structure and function. While stress is beneficial for survival, inappropriate stress dramatically increases the risk of physical and mental health problems, particularly when experienced during early developmental periods. Here we focus on the neurobiology of the infant rat’s odor learning system that enables neonates to learn and approach the maternal odor and describe the unique role of the stress hormone corticosterone in modulating this odor approach learning across development. During the first nine postnatal days, this odor approach learning of infant rats is supported by a wide range of sensory stimuli and ensures attachment to the mother’s odor, even when interactions with her are occasionally associated with pain. With maturation and the emergence of a stress- or pain-induced corticosterone response, this odor approach learning terminates and a more adult-like amygdala-dependent fear/avoidance learning emerges. Strikingly, the odor approach and attenuated fear learning of older pups can be re-established by the presence of the mother, due to her ability to suppress her pups’ corticosterone release and amygdala activity. This suggests that developmental changes in stress responsiveness and the stimuli that produce a stress response might be critically involved in optimally adapting the pup’s attachment system to its respective ecological niche. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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