Dietary fat composition, total body fat and regional body fat distribution in two Caucasian populations of middle-aged and older adult women

Autor: Jessica C. Kiefte-de Jong, Fernando Rivadeneira, Joshua R. Lewis, Lauren C. Blekkenhorst, Taulant Muka, Richar L. Prince, Albert Hofman, Oscar H. Franco, Nicole S. Erler
Přispěvatelé: Epidemiology
Rok vydání: 2017
Předmět:
0301 basic medicine
Disease
Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine
law.invention
Body Mass Index
Rotterdam Study
Fat composition
0302 clinical medicine
Randomized controlled trial
law
Risk Factors
Medicine
Body Fat Distribution
Prospective Studies
Prospective cohort study
Netherlands
chemistry.chemical_classification
education.field_of_study
Nutrition and Dietetics
Fatty Acids
Middle Aged
Body fat
Android fat
Body Composition
Female
Android fat distribution
Polyunsaturated fatty acid
medicine.medical_specialty
Population
030209 endocrinology & metabolism
White People
03 medical and health sciences
Internal medicine
Diabetes mellitus
Fatty Acids
Omega-6
Fatty Acids
Omega-3
Humans
Saturated fatty acids
education
Exercise
Aged
030109 nutrition & dietetics
business.industry
Australia
medicine.disease
Dietary Fats
Diet
Endocrinology
Nutrition Assessment
chemistry
Gynoid fat
Polyunsaturated fatty acids
business
Follow-Up Studies
Zdroj: Clinical Nutrition, 36(5), 1411-1419
Clinical Nutrition, 36(5), 1411-1419. Churchill Livingstone
ISSN: 1532-1983
0261-5614
Popis: We aimed to study whether dietary fat composition (n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids ratio (PUFAs) and PUFAs and saturated fatty acids (SFAs) ratio) is associated with total body fat (TF) and body fat distribution and whether this association was modified by the presence of chronic disease in middle-aged and elderly women in two population-based cohorts in the Netherlands and Australia.The study was performed in the Rotterdam Study (RS), a prospective cohort study among subjects aged 55 years and older (N = 1182 women) and the Calcium Intake Fracture Outcome Study (CAIFOS), a 5-year randomized controlled trial among women age 70+ (N = 891). At baseline, diet (i.e. PUFAs and SFAs) was measured by validated food frequency questionnaires. TF was assessed using Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in both studies and android abdominal fat (AF), gynoid fat (GF) and the android/gynoid ratio (A/G ratio) in the RS but not the CAIFOS. Chronic disease was defined as the presence of cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus and cancer.No association was found between dietary n-3/n-6 PUFAs ratio or SFA/PUFAs ratio with TF in both cohorts. In the RS, a high n-3/n-6 PUFAs ratio was associated with a higher AF (3rd vs. 2nd tertile (reference): β: 0.15; 95% CI: 0.05, 0.24) but not with the A/G ratio. A low SFA/PUFA ratio was associated with a lower AF (1st vs. 2nd tertile (reference): β: -0.12; 95% CI: -0.22, -0.06) but not with the A/G ratio. Presence of chronic disease was found to be a significant effect modifier in both cohorts with regard to n-3/n-6 PUFAs and TF (P 0.05). In participants without chronic disease, a higher n-3/n-6 PUFAs ratio was associated with a higher TF in the RS cohort (3rd vs. 2nd tertile (reference): β: 0.94; 95% CI: 0.12, 1.76), but this was not replicated in CAIFOS.These findings do not support the hypothesis that dietary fat composition is consistently associated with TF and body fat distribution in women. Future studies should clarify to what extent these findings may be influenced by the presence of chronic disease.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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