Engineering Anisotropic Biomimetic Fibrocartilage Microenvironment by Bioprinting Mesenchymal Stem Cells in Nanoliter Gel Droplets
Autor: | Alexander J. Trachtenberg, Yuree Sung, Umut A. Gurkan, Winston Patrick Kuo, Rami El Assal, Utkan Demirci, Simin E. Yildiz |
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Jazyk: | angličtina |
Rok vydání: | 2014 |
Předmět: |
Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A
Cell type medicine.medical_treatment Pharmaceutical Science Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 Gene Expression biomimetic tissue platforms Bioinformatics Bone morphogenetic protein 2 Article law.invention Transforming Growth Factor beta1 law Biomimetics Osteogenesis Drug Discovery medicine Humans Cells Cultured 3D bioprinting Tissue Engineering Chemistry Growth factor Mesenchymal stem cell genomic expression analysis functional tissue models Bioprinting Fibrocartilage Cell Differentiation Hydrogels Mesenchymal Stem Cells Chondrogenesis micropatterning Cell biology medicine.anatomical_structure Cellular Microenvironment Molecular Medicine tissue interfaces Transforming growth factor Signal Transduction |
Zdroj: | Molecular Pharmaceutics |
ISSN: | 1543-8392 1543-8384 |
Popis: | Over the past decade, bioprinting has emerged as a promising patterning strategy to organize cells and extracellular components both in two and three dimensions (2D and 3D) to engineer functional tissue mimicking constructs. So far, tissue printing has neither been used for 3D patterning of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in multiphase growth factor embedded 3D hydrogels nor been investigated phenotypically in terms of simultaneous differentiation into different cell types within the same micropatterned 3D tissue constructs. Accordingly, we demonstrated a biochemical gradient by bioprinting nanoliter droplets encapsulating human MSCs, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), and transforming growth factor β1 (TGF- β1), engineering an anisotropic biomimetic fibrocartilage microenvironment. Assessment of the model tissue construct displayed multiphasic anisotropy of the incorporated biochemical factors after patterning. Quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) results suggested genomic expression patterns leading to simultaneous differentiation of MSC populations into osteogenic and chondrogenic phenotype within the multiphasic construct, evidenced by upregulation of osteogenesis and condrogenesis related genes during in vitro culture. Comprehensive phenotypic network and pathway analysis results, which were based on genomic expression data, indicated activation of differentiation related mechanisms, via signaling pathways, including TGF, BMP, and vascular endothelial growth factor. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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