Mechanisms for lung function impairment and airway hyperresponsiveness following chronic hypoxia in rats
| Autor: | Ferenc Peták, Walid Habre, Gergely Albu, Carole Meyers, Jean-Claude Pache, Tibor Z. Jánosi, Fabienne Fontao |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2010 |
| Předmět: |
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine
Pathology medicine.medical_specialty Physiology ddc:616.07 Methacholine Chloride/pharmacology In Vitro Techniques Hypoxemia Rats Sprague-Dawley Respiratory Mechanics/drug effects Anoxia/*complications/*physiopathology Physiology (medical) medicine Animals Lung volumes Respiratory system Hypoxia Lung Methacholine Chloride ddc:617 business.industry Respiratory disease Cell Biology respiratory system Hypoxia (medical) medicine.disease Pulmonary hypertension Rats medicine.anatomical_structure Bronchial Hyperreactivity/*complications/*physiopathology Immunology Respiratory Mechanics Bronchial Hyperreactivity medicine.symptom Lung Volume Measurements business Airway Lung/drug effects/pathology/*physiopathology Respiratory tract |
| Zdroj: | American Journal of Physiology. Lung Cellular and Molecular Physiology, Vol. 298, No 4 (2010) pp. L607-614 |
| ISSN: | 1522-1504 1040-0605 |
| DOI: | 10.1152/ajplung.00222.2009 |
| Popis: | Although chronic normobaric hypoxia (CH) alters lung function, its potential to induce bronchial hyperreactivity (BHR) is still controversial. Thus the effects of CH on airway and tissue mechanics separately and changes in lung responsiveness to methacholine (MCh) were investigated. To clarify the mechanisms, mechanical changes were related to end-expiratory lung volume (EELV), in vivo results were compared with those in vitro, and lung histology was assessed. EELV was measured plethysmographically in two groups of rats exposed to 21 days of CH (11% O2) or to normoxia. Total respiratory impedance was measured under baseline conditions and following intravenous MCh challenges (2–18 μg·kg−1·min−1). The lungs were then excised and perfused, and the pulmonary input impedance was measured, while MCh provocations were repeated under a pulmonary capillary pressure of 5, 10, and 15 mmHg. Airway resistance, tissue damping, and elastance were extracted from the respiratory impedance and pulmonary input impedance spectra. The increases in EELV following CH were associated with decreases in airway resistance, whereas tissue damping and elastance remained unaffected. CH led to the development of severe BHR to MCh (206 ± 30 vs. 95 ± 24%, P < 0.001), which was not detectable when the same lungs were studied in vitro at any pulmonary capillary pressure levels maintained. Histology revealed pulmonary arterial vascular remodeling with overexpression of α-smooth muscle actin antibody in the bronchial wall. These findings suggest that, despite the counterbalancing effect of the increased EELV, BHR develops following CH, only in the presence of intact autonomous nervous system. Thus neural control plays a major role in the changes in the basal lung mechanics and responsiveness following CH. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|