Multidrug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii as an emerging concern in hospitals
| Autor: | Israa M.S. Al-Kadmy, Nadal Al-Saryi, Susan A. Ibrahim, Sarah Aziz |
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| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Acinetobacter baumannii
Phage therapy medicine.drug_class medicine.medical_treatment Antibiotics Review Multidrug resistance Bacteriophage therapy Microbiology law.invention Antibiotic resistance Extensive drug resistance law Drug Resistance Multiple Bacterial Genetics medicine Humans Molecular Biology biology Virulence business.industry Outbreak Quorum Sensing General Medicine biochemical phenomena metabolism and nutrition Antimicrobial biology.organism_classification Intensive care unit Hospitals Multiple drug resistance Biofilms Host-Pathogen Interactions business |
| Zdroj: | Molecular Biology Reports |
| ISSN: | 1573-4978 |
| Popis: | Acinetobacter baumannii has become a major concern for scientific attention due to extensive antimicrobial resistance. This resistance causes an increase in mortality rate because strains resistant to antimicrobial agents are a major challenge for physicians and healthcare workers regarding the eradication of either hospital or community-based infections. These strains with emerging resistance are a serious issue for patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). Antibiotic resistance has increased because of the acquirement of mobile genetic elements such as transposons, plasmids, and integrons and causes the prevalence of multidrug resistance strains (MDR). In addition, an increase in carbapenem resistance, which is used as last line antibiotic treatment to eliminate infections with multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria, is a major concern. Carbapenems resistant A. baumannii (CR-Ab) is a worldwide problem. Because these strains are often resistant to all other commonly used antibiotics. Therefore, pathogenic multi-drug resistance A. baumannii (MDR-Ab) associated infections become hard to eradicate. Plasmid-mediated resistance causes outbreaks of extensive drug-resistant. A. baumannii (XDR-Ab). In addition, recent outbreaks relating to livestock and community settings illustrate the existence of large MDR-Ab strain reservoirs within and outside hospital settings. The purpose of this review, proper monitoring, prevention, and treatment are required to control (XDR-Ab) infections. Attachment, the formation of biofilms and the secretion of toxins, and low activation of inflammatory responses are mechanisms used by pathogenic A. baumannii strain. This review will discuss some aspects associated with antibiotics resistance in A. baumannii as well as cover briefly phage therapy as an alternative therapeutic treatment. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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