Kinetics and mechanism of haloacetaldehyde formation from the reaction of acetaldehyde and chlorine
Autor: | Wen Zhang, Yuqin Mao, Yuefeng F. Xie, Hongwei Yang, Shengqi Qi |
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Rok vydání: | 2021 |
Předmět: |
Environmental Engineering
Halogenation Health Toxicology and Mutagenesis 0208 environmental biotechnology Kinetics Chloral hydrate Inorganic chemistry chemistry.chemical_element 02 engineering and technology Acetaldehyde 010501 environmental sciences 01 natural sciences Water Purification Chemical kinetics Reaction rate chemistry.chemical_compound polycyclic compounds medicine Chlorine Environmental Chemistry Chloroacetaldehyde 0105 earth and related environmental sciences Chloroform Chemistry Drinking Water Public Health Environmental and Occupational Health General Medicine General Chemistry Pollution 020801 environmental engineering Disinfection Water Pollutants Chemical medicine.drug Disinfectants |
Zdroj: | Chemosphere. 283 |
ISSN: | 1879-1298 |
Popis: | Haloacetaldehydes (HALs) are the third prevalent group of disinfection by-products (DBPs) by weight in drinking water, and their cytotoxicity and genotoxicity are higher than regulated DBPs. In order to understand their formation mechanism during chlorination and ozonation-chlorination, this study examined the reaction kinetics of chloral hydrate (CH), dichloroacetaldehyde (DCA), chloroacetaldehyde (CA) and acetaldehyde by chlorine at different pH values and chlorine doses. The results showed that the reaction rate constants increased with pH and chlorine dose, except that the degradation of CH would not be affected by the presence of free chlorine. At the same pH and chlorine dose, the half-lives of CH, DCA, CA and acetaldehyde were in the order of CH > acetaldehyde ≫ DCA > CA. A kinetic model used to predict the formation of HALs and chloroform during chlorination of acetaldehyde was developed, and the predicted data fitted well with the measured data. As pre-ozonation could oxidize natural organic matter to acetaldehydes, the concentration of acetaldehyde formed after pre-ozonation was used to calculate the HAL yields during ozonation-chlorination by the kinetic model, which fitted the experimental results well. The kinetic model elucidated that the formation mechanism of HALs was a stepwise substitution process on the α-hydrogen of acetaldehyde during chlorination. |
Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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