Carbon monoxide intoxication: An updated review
| Autor: | Rossitza I. Chichkova, Leon D. Prockop |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2007 |
| Předmět: |
Myocardial Ischemia
Poison control Physical examination Brain damage Central nervous system disease Carbon Monoxide Poisoning chemistry.chemical_compound medicine Humans Hypoxia Brain Air Pollutants Carbon Monoxide Hyperbaric Oxygenation medicine.diagnostic_test business.industry Neurotoxicity Brain Heart medicine.disease medicine.anatomical_structure Globus pallidus Neurology chemistry Cerebral cortex Anesthesia Nerve Degeneration Carboxyhemoglobin Neurology (clinical) medicine.symptom business |
| Zdroj: | Journal of the Neurological Sciences. 262:122-130 |
| ISSN: | 0022-510X |
| DOI: | 10.1016/j.jns.2007.06.037 |
| Popis: | Carbon monoxide (CO), a highly toxic gas produced by incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons, is a relatively common cause of human injury. Human toxicity is often overlooked because CO is tasteless and odorless and its clinical symptoms and signs are non specific. The brain and the heart may be severely affected after CO exposure with carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) levels exceeding 20%. Damage occurs because the affinity of hemoglobin for CO is 210 times higher than for O2. Hypoxic brain damage predominates in the cerebral cortex, cerebral white matter and basal ganglia, especially in the globus pallidus. Diagnosis requires clinical acumen and a high index of suspicion, combined with epidemiological data, clinical examination, analysis of ambient air CO and patient COHb levels; also required are cardiology evaluation including ECG as well as neurological evaluation including brain imaging (CT and/or MRI, MR spectroscopy), and neuropsychological testing. Although immediate O2 breathing is sometimes an adequate treatment, hyperbaric oxygen therapy (HBO) is favored. Subsequently, only symptomatic therapy is available for the long-term sequelae of CO poisoning. © 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
| Externí odkaz: |
|
Full Text from ScienceDirect