Crossing the Antarctica: Exploring the Effects of Appetite-Regulating Hormones and Indicators of Nutrition Status during a 93-Day Solo-Expedition
| Autor: | Rune Gjeldnes, Paul T. Bartone, Terry M. Phillips, Julian F. Thayer, Guttorm Brattebø, Bjørn Helge Johnsen, Hans-Olav Neteland Monsen |
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| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Adult
Male 0301 basic medicine Calorie media_common.quotation_subject Antarctic Regions Appetite Nutritional Status Physiology 030209 endocrinology & metabolism solo crossing Psychological Distress leptin globulin Article 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Humans Medicine Psychological strain TX341-641 Exercise Serum Albumin albumin media_common IL-6 Nutrition and Dietetics Adiponectin adiponectin Appetite Regulation Interleukin-6 business.industry Nutrition. Foods and food supply Leptin Cold Temperature 030104 developmental biology Expeditions Appetite stimulating Antarctica Serum Globulins Energy Intake business Food Science Hormone |
| Zdroj: | Nutrients Volume 13 Issue 6 Nutrients, Vol 13, Iss 1777, p 1777 (2021) |
| ISSN: | 2072-6643 |
| DOI: | 10.3390/nu13061777 |
| Popis: | Future deep space astronauts must maintain adequate nutrition despite highly stressful, isolated, confined and dangerous environments. The present case-study investigated appetite regulating hormones, nutrition status, and physical and emotional stress in a space analog condition: an explorer conducting a 93-day unsupported solo crossing of Antarctica. Using the dried blood spot (DBS) method, the subject drew samples of his blood on a regular basis during the expedition. The DBSs were later analyzed for the appetite regulating hormones leptin and adiponectin. Energy intake and nutritional status were monitored by analysis of albumin and globulin (including their ratio). Interleukin-6 (IL-6) was also analyzed and used as an energy sensor. The results showed a marked reduction in levels of the appetite-reducing hormone, leptin, and the appetite stimulating hormone, adiponectin, during both extreme physical and psychological strain. Nutrition status showed a variation over the expedition, with below-normal levels during extreme psychological strain and levels abutting the lower bounds of the normal range during a phase dominated by extreme physical hardship. The IL-6 levels varied substantially, with levels above the normal range except during the recovery phase. It was concluded that a daily intake of 5058 to 5931 calories seemed to allow recovery of both appetite and nutritional status between extreme physical and psychological hardship during a long Arctic expedition. Furthermore, IL-6 may be a sensor in the muscle-liver, muscle-fat and muscle-brain crosstalk. These results may help guide nutrition planning for future astronaut crews, mountaineers and others involved in highly demanding missions. publishedVersion |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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