Experimental animal models of coronary microvascular dysfunction
| Autor: | William M. Chilian, Daphne Merkus, Jens van de Wouw, Shawn B. Bender, Oana Sorop, Selena Chandler, Johnathan D. Tune, Vahagn Ohanyan, Dirk J. Duncker |
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| Rok vydání: | 2020 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
medicine.medical_specialty Heart Diseases Endothelium Physiology Cardiology Ischemia 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology Translational Research Biomedical Coronary artery disease 03 medical and health sciences 0302 clinical medicine Coronary Circulation Physiology (medical) Diabetes mellitus Internal medicine medicine Animals Humans Coronary microvascular dysfunction Animal model Endothelial dysfunction Coronary atherosclerosis Cause of death business.industry Microcirculation Spotlight Review INOCA Metabolic derangements medicine.disease Coronary Vessels Reactive Nitrogen Species Comorbidity 3. Good health Disease Models Animal Oxidative Stress 030104 developmental biology medicine.anatomical_structure Nitrosative Stress Microvessels Energy Metabolism Reactive Oxygen Species Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine business |
| Zdroj: | Cardiovascular Research |
| ISSN: | 1755-3245 0008-6363 |
| DOI: | 10.1093/cvr/cvaa002 |
| Popis: | Coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) is commonly present in patients with metabolic derangements and is increasingly recognized as an important contributor to myocardial ischaemia, both in the presence and absence of epicardial coronary atherosclerosis. The latter condition is termed ‘ischaemia and no obstructive coronary artery disease’ (INOCA). Notwithstanding the high prevalence of INOCA, effective treatment remains elusive. Although to date there is no animal model for INOCA, animal models of CMD, one of the hallmarks of INOCA, offer excellent test models for enhancing our understanding of the pathophysiology of CMD and for investigating novel therapies. This article presents an overview of currently available experimental models of CMD—with an emphasis on metabolic derangements as risk factors—in dogs, swine, rabbits, rats, and mice. In all available animal models, metabolic derangements are most often induced by a high-fat diet (HFD) and/or diabetes mellitus via injection of alloxan or streptozotocin, but there is also a wide variety of spontaneous as well as transgenic animal models which develop metabolic derangements. Depending on the number, severity, and duration of exposure to risk factors—all these animal models show perturbations in coronary microvascular (endothelial) function and structure, similar to what has been observed in patients with INOCA and comorbid conditions. The use of these animal models will be instrumental in identifying novel therapeutic targets and for the subsequent development and testing of novel therapeutic interventions to combat ischaemic heart disease, the number one cause of death worldwide. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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