GABAA, NMDA and mGlu2 receptors tonically regulate inhibition and excitation in the thalamic reticular nucleus

Autor:	John W. Crabtree, John T.R. Isaac, Zafar I. Bashir, David Lodge
Rok vydání:	2013
Předmět:	Presynaptic Terminals Action Potentials Glutamic Acid Biology Receptors Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Article gamma-Aminobutyric acid Glutamatergic Chlorides medicine Animals Rats Wistar gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Neurons Thalamic reticular nucleus Secretory Pathway Intralaminar Thalamic Nuclei GABAA receptor General Neuroscience Glutamate receptor Receptors GABA-A Rats medicine.anatomical_structure Metabotropic receptor nervous system NMDA receptor GABAergic Synaptic Vesicles Neuroscience medicine.drug
Zdroj:	European Journal of Neuroscience. 37:850-859
ISSN:	0953-816X
DOI:	10.1111/ejn.12098
Popis:	Traditionally, neurotransmitters are associated with a fast, or phasic, type of action on neurons in the central nervous system (CNS). However, accumulating evidence indicates that γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and glutamate can also have a continual, or tonic, influence on these cells. Here, in voltage- and current-clamp recordings in rat brain slices, we identify three types of tonically active receptors in a single CNS structure, the thalamic reticular nucleus (TRN). Thus, TRN contains constitutively active GABAA receptors (GABAA Rs), which are located on TRN neurons and generate a persistent outward Cl(-) current. When TRN neurons are depolarized, blockade of this current increases their action potential output in response to current injection. Furthermore, TRN contains tonically active GluN2B-containing N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs). These are located on reticuloreticular GABAergic terminals in TRN and generate a persistent facilitation of vesicular GABA release from these terminals. In addition, TRN contains tonically active metabotropic glutamate type 2 receptors (mGlu2Rs). These are located on glutamatergic cortical terminals in TRN and generate a persistent reduction of vesicular glutamate release from these terminals. Although tonically active GABAA Rs, NMDARs and mGlu2Rs operate through different mechanisms, we propose that the continual and combined activity of these three receptor types ultimately serves to hyperpolarize TRN neurons, which will differentially affect the output of these cells depending upon the current state of their membrane potential. Thus, when TRN cells are relatively depolarized, their firing in single-spike tonic mode will be reduced, whereas when these cells are relatively hyperpolarized, their ability to fire in multispike burst mode will be facilitated.
Databáze:	OpenAIRE
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