Toxicology of the prostaglandins
| Autor: | Marcus M. Mason, Emil R. Smith |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 1974 |
| Předmět: |
Central Nervous System
Diarrhea Male medicine.medical_specialty Vomiting Research methodology Central nervous system Administration Oral Pharmacology Biochemistry Injections Lethal Dose 50 Mice Endocrinology Smooth muscle Animals laboratory Pregnancy Internal medicine Animals Humans Endocrine system Medicine Abortifacient agent Dose-Response Relationship Drug business.industry Abortion Induced Muscle Smooth Nausea Haplorhini Stimulation Chemical Rats medicine.anatomical_structure Metabolic effects Prostaglandins Female Rabbits business Muscle Contraction |
| Zdroj: | Prostaglandins. 7:247-268 |
| ISSN: | 0090-6980 |
| DOI: | 10.1016/0090-6980(74)90008-2 |
| Popis: | Available published material of adverse reactions to prostaglandins (PGs) at various dosages routes and levels is reviewed. Animal studies are of 2 kinds: studies of pharmacological effects and studies of toxicological reactions (i.e., acute dose levels). The pharmacology of PGs show the drugs have 3 areas of action: 1) smooth muscle effects, either contraction or relaxation (cardiovascular effects and reproductive tract; relaxation of vascular smooth muscles by some PGs and contraction by others); 2) nervous system effects; and 3) lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. In humans, PGE1 was administered intravenously and it was found that adverse effects were related to rate of administration rather than to total dose; side effects included flushing, headache, visual disturbances, and restlessness, factors which might suggest a correlation with central nervous system effects (as found in animal studies). PGE1 administered at acute doses orally, by inhalation, and intradermally show effects attributable to gastrointestinal disturbances, respiratory problems, and erythematous responses. In general, studies in humans of other PGs have found similar adverse reactions, all of which are explained by known mechanisms of action of PGs. Dose levels constituting acutity are dependent on route (i.e., oral doses are much higher than intravenous doses), with rapid intravenous infusion causing the most adverse reactions. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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