Policing the Intestinal Epithelial Barrier: Innate Immune Functions of Intraepithelial Lymphocytes
| Autor: | Luo Jia, Karen L. Edelblum, Madeleine D. Hu |
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| Rok vydání: | 2018 |
| Předmět: |
0301 basic medicine
Cancer Research Chemokine medicine.medical_treatment Antimicrobial peptides chemical and pharmacologic phenomena Biology digestive system Article Pathology and Forensic Medicine 03 medical and health sciences medicine Molecular Biology Innate immune system Effector fungi hemic and immune systems Cell Biology Mucus Cytolysis 030104 developmental biology Cytokine Immunology biology.protein Intraepithelial lymphocyte tissues |
| Zdroj: | Current Pathobiology Reports. 6:35-46 |
| ISSN: | 2167-485X |
| DOI: | 10.1007/s40139-018-0157-y |
| Popis: | PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review will explore the contribution of IELs to mucosal innate immunity and highlight the similarities in IEL functional responses to bacteria, viruses and protozoan parasite invasion. RECENT FINDINGS: IELs rapidly respond to microbial invasion by activating host defense responses, including the production of mucus and antimicrobial peptides to prevent microbes from reaching the epithelial surface. During active infection, IELs promote epithelial cytolysis, cytokine and chemokine production to limit pathogen invasion, replication and dissemination. Commensal-induced priming of IEL effector function or continuous surveillance of the epithelium may be important contributing factors to the rapidity of response. SUMMARY: Impaired microbial recognition, dysregulated innate immune signaling or microbial dysbiosis may limit the protective function of IELs and increase susceptibility to disease. Further understanding of the mechanisms regulating IEL surveillance and sentinel function may provide insight into the development of more effective targeted therapies designed to reinforce the mucosal barrier. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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