Adipose tissue and vascular phenotypic modulation by voluntary physical activity and dietary restriction in obese insulin-resistant OLETF rats
| Autor: | John P. Thyfault, Jaume Padilla, Nathan T. Jenkins, David S. Bayless, Kasey A. Lansford, Jacqueline M. Crissey, Victoria J. Vieira-Potter, R. Scott Rector, M. Harold Laughlin, Pamela K. Thorne |
|---|---|
| Rok vydání: | 2014 |
| Předmět: |
Male
medicine.medical_specialty Physiology Rats Inbred OLETF medicine.medical_treatment Calorie restriction Adipose tissue Blood lipids Inflammation Biology Running Insulin resistance Physiology (medical) Internal medicine medicine.artery medicine Animals Insulin Obesity Adiposity computer.programming_language Aorta Physical Activity and Inactivity Interleukin-6 Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha sed Body Weight medicine.disease Diet Rats Disease Models Animal Phenotype Endocrinology Adipose Tissue Insulin Resistance medicine.symptom computer |
| Zdroj: | American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology. 306:R596-R606 |
| ISSN: | 1522-1490 0363-6119 |
| DOI: | 10.1152/ajpregu.00493.2013 |
| Popis: | Adipose tissue (AT)-derived cytokines are proposed to contribute to obesity-associated vascular insulin resistance. We tested the hypothesis that voluntary physical activity and diet restriction-induced maintenance of body weight would both result in decreased AT inflammation and concomitant improvements in insulin-stimulated vascular relaxation in the hyperphagic, obese Otsuka Long-Evans Tokushima fatty (OLETF) rat. Rats (aged 12 wk) were randomly assigned to sedentary (SED; n = 10), wheel running (WR; n = 10), or diet restriction (DR; n = 10; fed 70% of SED) for 8 wk. WR and DR rats exhibited markedly lower adiposity (7.1 ± 0.4 and 15.7 ± 1.1% body fat, respectively) relative to SED (27 ± 1.2% body fat), as well as improved blood lipid profiles and systemic markers of insulin resistance. Reduced adiposity in both WR and DR was associated with decreased AT mRNA expression of inflammatory genes (e.g., MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-6) and markers of immune cell infiltration (e.g., CD8, CD11c, and F4/80). The extent of these effects were most pronounced in visceral AT compared with subcutaneous and periaortic AT. Markers of inflammation in brown AT were upregulated with WR but not DR. In periaortic AT, WR- and DR-induced reductions in expression and secretion of cytokines were accompanied with a more atheroprotective gene expression profile in the adjacent aortic wall. WR, but not DR, resulted in greater insulin-stimulated relaxation in the aorta; an effect that was, in part, mediated by a decrease in insulin-induced endothelin-1 activation in WR aorta. Collectively, we show in OLETF rats that lower adiposity leads to less AT and aortic inflammation, as well as an exercise-specific improvement in insulin-stimulated vasorelaxation. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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