Circular alternatives to peat in growing media: A microbiome perspective
| Autor: | E.A.H.J. Hendrix, Jan M. van der Wolf, Wietse de Boer, Tanvi Taparia, E.H. Nijhuis |
|---|---|
| Přispěvatelé: | Microbial Ecology (ME) |
| Jazyk: | angličtina |
| Rok vydání: | 2021 |
| Předmět: |
Peat
Strategy and Management Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering Plan_S-Compliant-OA Physico-chemical properties Biointeractions and Plant Health Peat-alternative Microbial composition Organic matter Microbiome Cropping system Bodembiologie General Environmental Science chemistry.chemical_classification Mushroom Renewable Energy Sustainability and the Environment Agroforestry national food and beverages Soil Biology Building and Construction Unifarm Proeven PE&RC Circular agriculture Casing soil chemistry Productivity (ecology) Sustainability Environmental science Mushroom cultivation Cropping |
| Zdroj: | Journal of Cleaner Production, 327:129375. Elsevier B.V. Journal of Cleaner Production 327 (2021) Journal of Cleaner Production, 327 |
| ISSN: | 0959-6526 |
| Popis: | Peat use in horticulture is associated with a large ecological footprint. Peat is the predominant growing media in Europe. Modern cropping systems rely heavily on dynamic interactions of the crop with the microorganisms in the growing media and yet, in the search for sustainable peat-alternatives, the microbiome of the growing media has often been ignored. In mushroom cultivation, peat is a prime determinant of productivity, in the form of a casing soil which supplies beneficial microbes. In this study we describe the microbial composition, interactions, and activity of four circular substrates used to proportionally replace peat in mushroom growing media. We also evaluate various physico-chemical characteristics of the peat-alternatives. We characterize the impact of sanitary pre-treatments such as steaming and acidification on the microbiome as well as the agronomical performance of the peat-reduced growing media. We found that grass fibres from agricultural residue streams, peat-moss farmed in degraded peatlands, and spent casing soil recycled from previous cultivation cycles can be used to successfully replace peat in mushroom growing media. Peat moss and spent casing were expectedly similar to peat in physical, chemical, and microbiological properties. However, the grass fibres had unique characteristics, such as high organic matter content, low water holding capacity and a diverse and competitive microbiome. Pre-treatment of the substrates by acidification and steaming significantly affected the microbiome, and reduced the presence of pests, pathogens and competitive fungi in the peat-reduced media. Strong trade-offs existed between the productivity and disease pressure in the circular cropping system, which are also governed by the microbial composition of the growing media. Knowledge on the accessibility, sustainability, and economic viability of these peat-alternatives will further determine the transition away from peat use and towards sustainable growing media. |
| Databáze: | OpenAIRE |
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