Neurocognitive assessment in obsessive compulsive disorder patients: Adherence to behavioral decision models

Autor: Roberta de Filippis, Giovanni Burro, Marco Bonetti, Alessandra Cillo, Clelia Di Serio, Riccardo Maria Martoni
Přispěvatelé: Cillo, Alessandra, Bonetti, Marco, Burro, Giovanni, Di Serio, Clelia, De Filippis, Roberta, Martoni, Riccardo Maria
Jazyk: angličtina
Rok vydání: 2019
Předmět:
Male
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Economics
Economic Models
Social Sciences
Neuropsychological Tests
DECISION-MAKING UNDER RISK
EXPECTED VALUE
DISAPPOINTMENT
REFERENCE-DEPENDENCE
OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER
Cognition
Learning and Memory
0302 clinical medicine
REFERENCE-DEPENDENCE
Medicine and Health Sciences
Psychology
Multidisciplinary
Cognitive Neurology
Applied Mathematics
Statistics
Neuropsychology
Anxiety Disorders
Healthy Volunteers
Preference
Models
Economic
Neurology
Physical Sciences
Medicine
Female
medicine.symptom
Research Article
Clinical psychology
Adult
DISAPPOINTMENT
Cognitive Neuroscience
Decision theory
Science
Decision Making
Neuropsychiatric Disorders
Neuroses
DECISION-MAKING UNDER RISK
behavioral disciplines and activities
Risk neutral
Human Learning
03 medical and health sciences
Decision Theory
Intervention (counseling)
Mental Health and Psychiatry
mental disorders
medicine
Humans
Learning
Neuropsychological Testing
Behavior
Disappointment
Behavioral Disorders
Cognitive Psychology
Biology and Life Sciences
030227 psychiatry
EXPECTED VALUE
Cognitive Science
Neurocognitive
Decision model
Mathematics
OBSESSIVE COMPULSIVE DISORDER
030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Neuroscience
Zdroj: PLoS ONE, Vol 14, Iss 2, p e0211856 (2019)
PLoS ONE
ISSN: 1932-6203
Popis: In economics, models of decision-making under risk are widely investigated. Since many empirical studies have shown patterns in choice behavior that classical models fail to predict, several descriptive theories have been developed. Due to an evident phenotypic heterogeneity, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) patients have shown a general deficit in decision making when compared to healthy control subjects (HCs). However, the direction for impairment in decision-making in OCD patients is still unclear. Hence, bridging decision making models widely used in the economic literature with mental health research may improve the understanding of preference relations in severe patients, and may enhance intervention designs. We investigate the behavior of OCD patients with respect to HCs by means of decision making economic models within a typical neuropsychological setting, such as the Cambridge Gambling Task. In this task subjects have to decide the amount of their initial wealth to invest in each risky decision. To account for heterogenous preferences, we have analyzed the micro-level data for a more informative analysis of the choices made by the subjects. We consider two influential models in economics: the expected value (EV), which assumes risk neutrality, and a multiple reference points model, an alternative formulation of Disappointment theory. We find evidence that (medicated) OCD patients are more consistent with EV than HCs. The former appear to be more risk neutral, namely, less sensitive to risk than HCs. They also seem to base their decisions on disappointment avoidance less than HCs.
Databáze: OpenAIRE
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